Source file src/net/http/fs.go

Documentation: net/http

     1  // Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
     2  // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
     3  // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
     4  
     5  // HTTP file system request handler
     6  
     7  package http
     8  
     9  import (
    10  	"errors"
    11  	"fmt"
    12  	"internal/safefilepath"
    13  	"io"
    14  	"io/fs"
    15  	"mime"
    16  	"mime/multipart"
    17  	"net/textproto"
    18  	"net/url"
    19  	"os"
    20  	"path"
    21  	"path/filepath"
    22  	"sort"
    23  	"strconv"
    24  	"strings"
    25  	"time"
    26  )
    27  
    28  // A Dir implements FileSystem using the native file system restricted to a
    29  // specific directory tree.
    30  //
    31  // While the FileSystem.Open method takes '/'-separated paths, a Dir's string
    32  // value is a filename on the native file system, not a URL, so it is separated
    33  // by filepath.Separator, which isn't necessarily '/'.
    34  //
    35  // Note that Dir could expose sensitive files and directories. Dir will follow
    36  // symlinks pointing out of the directory tree, which can be especially dangerous
    37  // if serving from a directory in which users are able to create arbitrary symlinks.
    38  // Dir will also allow access to files and directories starting with a period,
    39  // which could expose sensitive directories like .git or sensitive files like
    40  // .htpasswd. To exclude files with a leading period, remove the files/directories
    41  // from the server or create a custom FileSystem implementation.
    42  //
    43  // An empty Dir is treated as ".".
    44  type Dir string
    45  
    46  // mapOpenError maps the provided non-nil error from opening name
    47  // to a possibly better non-nil error. In particular, it turns OS-specific errors
    48  // about opening files in non-directories into fs.ErrNotExist. See Issues 18984 and 49552.
    49  func mapOpenError(originalErr error, name string, sep rune, stat func(string) (fs.FileInfo, error)) error {
    50  	if errors.Is(originalErr, fs.ErrNotExist) || errors.Is(originalErr, fs.ErrPermission) {
    51  		return originalErr
    52  	}
    53  
    54  	parts := strings.Split(name, string(sep))
    55  	for i := range parts {
    56  		if parts[i] == "" {
    57  			continue
    58  		}
    59  		fi, err := stat(strings.Join(parts[:i+1], string(sep)))
    60  		if err != nil {
    61  			return originalErr
    62  		}
    63  		if !fi.IsDir() {
    64  			return fs.ErrNotExist
    65  		}
    66  	}
    67  	return originalErr
    68  }
    69  
    70  // Open implements FileSystem using os.Open, opening files for reading rooted
    71  // and relative to the directory d.
    72  func (d Dir) Open(name string) (File, error) {
    73  	path, err := safefilepath.FromFS(path.Clean("/" + name))
    74  	if err != nil {
    75  		return nil, errors.New("http: invalid or unsafe file path")
    76  	}
    77  	dir := string(d)
    78  	if dir == "" {
    79  		dir = "."
    80  	}
    81  	fullName := filepath.Join(dir, path)
    82  	f, err := os.Open(fullName)
    83  	if err != nil {
    84  		return nil, mapOpenError(err, fullName, filepath.Separator, os.Stat)
    85  	}
    86  	return f, nil
    87  }
    88  
    89  // A FileSystem implements access to a collection of named files.
    90  // The elements in a file path are separated by slash ('/', U+002F)
    91  // characters, regardless of host operating system convention.
    92  // See the FileServer function to convert a FileSystem to a Handler.
    93  //
    94  // This interface predates the fs.FS interface, which can be used instead:
    95  // the FS adapter function converts an fs.FS to a FileSystem.
    96  type FileSystem interface {
    97  	Open(name string) (File, error)
    98  }
    99  
   100  // A File is returned by a FileSystem's Open method and can be
   101  // served by the FileServer implementation.
   102  //
   103  // The methods should behave the same as those on an *os.File.
   104  type File interface {
   105  	io.Closer
   106  	io.Reader
   107  	io.Seeker
   108  	Readdir(count int) ([]fs.FileInfo, error)
   109  	Stat() (fs.FileInfo, error)
   110  }
   111  
   112  type anyDirs interface {
   113  	len() int
   114  	name(i int) string
   115  	isDir(i int) bool
   116  }
   117  
   118  type fileInfoDirs []fs.FileInfo
   119  
   120  func (d fileInfoDirs) len() int          { return len(d) }
   121  func (d fileInfoDirs) isDir(i int) bool  { return d[i].IsDir() }
   122  func (d fileInfoDirs) name(i int) string { return d[i].Name() }
   123  
   124  type dirEntryDirs []fs.DirEntry
   125  
   126  func (d dirEntryDirs) len() int          { return len(d) }
   127  func (d dirEntryDirs) isDir(i int) bool  { return d[i].IsDir() }
   128  func (d dirEntryDirs) name(i int) string { return d[i].Name() }
   129  
   130  func dirList(w ResponseWriter, r *Request, f File) {
   131  	// Prefer to use ReadDir instead of Readdir,
   132  	// because the former doesn't require calling
   133  	// Stat on every entry of a directory on Unix.
   134  	var dirs anyDirs
   135  	var err error
   136  	if d, ok := f.(fs.ReadDirFile); ok {
   137  		var list dirEntryDirs
   138  		list, err = d.ReadDir(-1)
   139  		dirs = list
   140  	} else {
   141  		var list fileInfoDirs
   142  		list, err = f.Readdir(-1)
   143  		dirs = list
   144  	}
   145  
   146  	if err != nil {
   147  		logf(r, "http: error reading directory: %v", err)
   148  		Error(w, "Error reading directory", StatusInternalServerError)
   149  		return
   150  	}
   151  	sort.Slice(dirs, func(i, j int) bool { return dirs.name(i) < dirs.name(j) })
   152  
   153  	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
   154  	fmt.Fprintf(w, "<pre>\n")
   155  	for i, n := 0, dirs.len(); i < n; i++ {
   156  		name := dirs.name(i)
   157  		if dirs.isDir(i) {
   158  			name += "/"
   159  		}
   160  		// name may contain '?' or '#', which must be escaped to remain
   161  		// part of the URL path, and not indicate the start of a query
   162  		// string or fragment.
   163  		url := url.URL{Path: name}
   164  		fmt.Fprintf(w, "<a href=\"%s\">%s</a>\n", url.String(), htmlReplacer.Replace(name))
   165  	}
   166  	fmt.Fprintf(w, "</pre>\n")
   167  }
   168  
   169  // ServeContent replies to the request using the content in the
   170  // provided ReadSeeker. The main benefit of ServeContent over io.Copy
   171  // is that it handles Range requests properly, sets the MIME type, and
   172  // handles If-Match, If-Unmodified-Since, If-None-Match, If-Modified-Since,
   173  // and If-Range requests.
   174  //
   175  // If the response's Content-Type header is not set, ServeContent
   176  // first tries to deduce the type from name's file extension and,
   177  // if that fails, falls back to reading the first block of the content
   178  // and passing it to DetectContentType.
   179  // The name is otherwise unused; in particular it can be empty and is
   180  // never sent in the response.
   181  //
   182  // If modtime is not the zero time or Unix epoch, ServeContent
   183  // includes it in a Last-Modified header in the response. If the
   184  // request includes an If-Modified-Since header, ServeContent uses
   185  // modtime to decide whether the content needs to be sent at all.
   186  //
   187  // The content's Seek method must work: ServeContent uses
   188  // a seek to the end of the content to determine its size.
   189  //
   190  // If the caller has set w's ETag header formatted per RFC 7232, section 2.3,
   191  // ServeContent uses it to handle requests using If-Match, If-None-Match, or If-Range.
   192  //
   193  // Note that *os.File implements the io.ReadSeeker interface.
   194  func ServeContent(w ResponseWriter, req *Request, name string, modtime time.Time, content io.ReadSeeker) {
   195  	sizeFunc := func() (int64, error) {
   196  		size, err := content.Seek(0, io.SeekEnd)
   197  		if err != nil {
   198  			return 0, errSeeker
   199  		}
   200  		_, err = content.Seek(0, io.SeekStart)
   201  		if err != nil {
   202  			return 0, errSeeker
   203  		}
   204  		return size, nil
   205  	}
   206  	serveContent(w, req, name, modtime, sizeFunc, content)
   207  }
   208  
   209  // errSeeker is returned by ServeContent's sizeFunc when the content
   210  // doesn't seek properly. The underlying Seeker's error text isn't
   211  // included in the sizeFunc reply so it's not sent over HTTP to end
   212  // users.
   213  var errSeeker = errors.New("seeker can't seek")
   214  
   215  // errNoOverlap is returned by serveContent's parseRange if first-byte-pos of
   216  // all of the byte-range-spec values is greater than the content size.
   217  var errNoOverlap = errors.New("invalid range: failed to overlap")
   218  
   219  // if name is empty, filename is unknown. (used for mime type, before sniffing)
   220  // if modtime.IsZero(), modtime is unknown.
   221  // content must be seeked to the beginning of the file.
   222  // The sizeFunc is called at most once. Its error, if any, is sent in the HTTP response.
   223  func serveContent(w ResponseWriter, r *Request, name string, modtime time.Time, sizeFunc func() (int64, error), content io.ReadSeeker) {
   224  	setLastModified(w, modtime)
   225  	done, rangeReq := checkPreconditions(w, r, modtime)
   226  	if done {
   227  		return
   228  	}
   229  
   230  	code := StatusOK
   231  
   232  	// If Content-Type isn't set, use the file's extension to find it, but
   233  	// if the Content-Type is unset explicitly, do not sniff the type.
   234  	ctypes, haveType := w.Header()["Content-Type"]
   235  	var ctype string
   236  	if !haveType {
   237  		ctype = mime.TypeByExtension(filepath.Ext(name))
   238  		if ctype == "" {
   239  			// read a chunk to decide between utf-8 text and binary
   240  			var buf [sniffLen]byte
   241  			n, _ := io.ReadFull(content, buf[:])
   242  			ctype = DetectContentType(buf[:n])
   243  			_, err := content.Seek(0, io.SeekStart) // rewind to output whole file
   244  			if err != nil {
   245  				Error(w, "seeker can't seek", StatusInternalServerError)
   246  				return
   247  			}
   248  		}
   249  		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", ctype)
   250  	} else if len(ctypes) > 0 {
   251  		ctype = ctypes[0]
   252  	}
   253  
   254  	size, err := sizeFunc()
   255  	if err != nil {
   256  		Error(w, err.Error(), StatusInternalServerError)
   257  		return
   258  	}
   259  
   260  	// handle Content-Range header.
   261  	sendSize := size
   262  	var sendContent io.Reader = content
   263  	if size >= 0 {
   264  		ranges, err := parseRange(rangeReq, size)
   265  		if err != nil {
   266  			if err == errNoOverlap {
   267  				w.Header().Set("Content-Range", fmt.Sprintf("bytes */%d", size))
   268  			}
   269  			Error(w, err.Error(), StatusRequestedRangeNotSatisfiable)
   270  			return
   271  		}
   272  		if sumRangesSize(ranges) > size {
   273  			// The total number of bytes in all the ranges
   274  			// is larger than the size of the file by
   275  			// itself, so this is probably an attack, or a
   276  			// dumb client. Ignore the range request.
   277  			ranges = nil
   278  		}
   279  		switch {
   280  		case len(ranges) == 1:
   281  			// RFC 7233, Section 4.1:
   282  			// "If a single part is being transferred, the server
   283  			// generating the 206 response MUST generate a
   284  			// Content-Range header field, describing what range
   285  			// of the selected representation is enclosed, and a
   286  			// payload consisting of the range.
   287  			// ...
   288  			// A server MUST NOT generate a multipart response to
   289  			// a request for a single range, since a client that
   290  			// does not request multiple parts might not support
   291  			// multipart responses."
   292  			ra := ranges[0]
   293  			if _, err := content.Seek(ra.start, io.SeekStart); err != nil {
   294  				Error(w, err.Error(), StatusRequestedRangeNotSatisfiable)
   295  				return
   296  			}
   297  			sendSize = ra.length
   298  			code = StatusPartialContent
   299  			w.Header().Set("Content-Range", ra.contentRange(size))
   300  		case len(ranges) > 1:
   301  			sendSize = rangesMIMESize(ranges, ctype, size)
   302  			code = StatusPartialContent
   303  
   304  			pr, pw := io.Pipe()
   305  			mw := multipart.NewWriter(pw)
   306  			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "multipart/byteranges; boundary="+mw.Boundary())
   307  			sendContent = pr
   308  			defer pr.Close() // cause writing goroutine to fail and exit if CopyN doesn't finish.
   309  			go func() {
   310  				for _, ra := range ranges {
   311  					part, err := mw.CreatePart(ra.mimeHeader(ctype, size))
   312  					if err != nil {
   313  						pw.CloseWithError(err)
   314  						return
   315  					}
   316  					if _, err := content.Seek(ra.start, io.SeekStart); err != nil {
   317  						pw.CloseWithError(err)
   318  						return
   319  					}
   320  					if _, err := io.CopyN(part, content, ra.length); err != nil {
   321  						pw.CloseWithError(err)
   322  						return
   323  					}
   324  				}
   325  				mw.Close()
   326  				pw.Close()
   327  			}()
   328  		}
   329  
   330  		w.Header().Set("Accept-Ranges", "bytes")
   331  		if w.Header().Get("Content-Encoding") == "" {
   332  			w.Header().Set("Content-Length", strconv.FormatInt(sendSize, 10))
   333  		}
   334  	}
   335  
   336  	w.WriteHeader(code)
   337  
   338  	if r.Method != "HEAD" {
   339  		io.CopyN(w, sendContent, sendSize)
   340  	}
   341  }
   342  
   343  // scanETag determines if a syntactically valid ETag is present at s. If so,
   344  // the ETag and remaining text after consuming ETag is returned. Otherwise,
   345  // it returns "", "".
   346  func scanETag(s string) (etag string, remain string) {
   347  	s = textproto.TrimString(s)
   348  	start := 0
   349  	if strings.HasPrefix(s, "W/") {
   350  		start = 2
   351  	}
   352  	if len(s[start:]) < 2 || s[start] != '"' {
   353  		return "", ""
   354  	}
   355  	// ETag is either W/"text" or "text".
   356  	// See RFC 7232 2.3.
   357  	for i := start + 1; i < len(s); i++ {
   358  		c := s[i]
   359  		switch {
   360  		// Character values allowed in ETags.
   361  		case c == 0x21 || c >= 0x23 && c <= 0x7E || c >= 0x80:
   362  		case c == '"':
   363  			return s[:i+1], s[i+1:]
   364  		default:
   365  			return "", ""
   366  		}
   367  	}
   368  	return "", ""
   369  }
   370  
   371  // etagStrongMatch reports whether a and b match using strong ETag comparison.
   372  // Assumes a and b are valid ETags.
   373  func etagStrongMatch(a, b string) bool {
   374  	return a == b && a != "" && a[0] == '"'
   375  }
   376  
   377  // etagWeakMatch reports whether a and b match using weak ETag comparison.
   378  // Assumes a and b are valid ETags.
   379  func etagWeakMatch(a, b string) bool {
   380  	return strings.TrimPrefix(a, "W/") == strings.TrimPrefix(b, "W/")
   381  }
   382  
   383  // condResult is the result of an HTTP request precondition check.
   384  // See https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7232 section 3.
   385  type condResult int
   386  
   387  const (
   388  	condNone condResult = iota
   389  	condTrue
   390  	condFalse
   391  )
   392  
   393  func checkIfMatch(w ResponseWriter, r *Request) condResult {
   394  	im := r.Header.Get("If-Match")
   395  	if im == "" {
   396  		return condNone
   397  	}
   398  	for {
   399  		im = textproto.TrimString(im)
   400  		if len(im) == 0 {
   401  			break
   402  		}
   403  		if im[0] == ',' {
   404  			im = im[1:]
   405  			continue
   406  		}
   407  		if im[0] == '*' {
   408  			return condTrue
   409  		}
   410  		etag, remain := scanETag(im)
   411  		if etag == "" {
   412  			break
   413  		}
   414  		if etagStrongMatch(etag, w.Header().get("Etag")) {
   415  			return condTrue
   416  		}
   417  		im = remain
   418  	}
   419  
   420  	return condFalse
   421  }
   422  
   423  func checkIfUnmodifiedSince(r *Request, modtime time.Time) condResult {
   424  	ius := r.Header.Get("If-Unmodified-Since")
   425  	if ius == "" || isZeroTime(modtime) {
   426  		return condNone
   427  	}
   428  	t, err := ParseTime(ius)
   429  	if err != nil {
   430  		return condNone
   431  	}
   432  
   433  	// The Last-Modified header truncates sub-second precision so
   434  	// the modtime needs to be truncated too.
   435  	modtime = modtime.Truncate(time.Second)
   436  	if modtime.Before(t) || modtime.Equal(t) {
   437  		return condTrue
   438  	}
   439  	return condFalse
   440  }
   441  
   442  func checkIfNoneMatch(w ResponseWriter, r *Request) condResult {
   443  	inm := r.Header.get("If-None-Match")
   444  	if inm == "" {
   445  		return condNone
   446  	}
   447  	buf := inm
   448  	for {
   449  		buf = textproto.TrimString(buf)
   450  		if len(buf) == 0 {
   451  			break
   452  		}
   453  		if buf[0] == ',' {
   454  			buf = buf[1:]
   455  			continue
   456  		}
   457  		if buf[0] == '*' {
   458  			return condFalse
   459  		}
   460  		etag, remain := scanETag(buf)
   461  		if etag == "" {
   462  			break
   463  		}
   464  		if etagWeakMatch(etag, w.Header().get("Etag")) {
   465  			return condFalse
   466  		}
   467  		buf = remain
   468  	}
   469  	return condTrue
   470  }
   471  
   472  func checkIfModifiedSince(r *Request, modtime time.Time) condResult {
   473  	if r.Method != "GET" && r.Method != "HEAD" {
   474  		return condNone
   475  	}
   476  	ims := r.Header.Get("If-Modified-Since")
   477  	if ims == "" || isZeroTime(modtime) {
   478  		return condNone
   479  	}
   480  	t, err := ParseTime(ims)
   481  	if err != nil {
   482  		return condNone
   483  	}
   484  	// The Last-Modified header truncates sub-second precision so
   485  	// the modtime needs to be truncated too.
   486  	modtime = modtime.Truncate(time.Second)
   487  	if modtime.Before(t) || modtime.Equal(t) {
   488  		return condFalse
   489  	}
   490  	return condTrue
   491  }
   492  
   493  func checkIfRange(w ResponseWriter, r *Request, modtime time.Time) condResult {
   494  	if r.Method != "GET" && r.Method != "HEAD" {
   495  		return condNone
   496  	}
   497  	ir := r.Header.get("If-Range")
   498  	if ir == "" {
   499  		return condNone
   500  	}
   501  	etag, _ := scanETag(ir)
   502  	if etag != "" {
   503  		if etagStrongMatch(etag, w.Header().Get("Etag")) {
   504  			return condTrue
   505  		} else {
   506  			return condFalse
   507  		}
   508  	}
   509  	// The If-Range value is typically the ETag value, but it may also be
   510  	// the modtime date. See golang.org/issue/8367.
   511  	if modtime.IsZero() {
   512  		return condFalse
   513  	}
   514  	t, err := ParseTime(ir)
   515  	if err != nil {
   516  		return condFalse
   517  	}
   518  	if t.Unix() == modtime.Unix() {
   519  		return condTrue
   520  	}
   521  	return condFalse
   522  }
   523  
   524  var unixEpochTime = time.Unix(0, 0)
   525  
   526  // isZeroTime reports whether t is obviously unspecified (either zero or Unix()=0).
   527  func isZeroTime(t time.Time) bool {
   528  	return t.IsZero() || t.Equal(unixEpochTime)
   529  }
   530  
   531  func setLastModified(w ResponseWriter, modtime time.Time) {
   532  	if !isZeroTime(modtime) {
   533  		w.Header().Set("Last-Modified", modtime.UTC().Format(TimeFormat))
   534  	}
   535  }
   536  
   537  func writeNotModified(w ResponseWriter) {
   538  	// RFC 7232 section 4.1:
   539  	// a sender SHOULD NOT generate representation metadata other than the
   540  	// above listed fields unless said metadata exists for the purpose of
   541  	// guiding cache updates (e.g., Last-Modified might be useful if the
   542  	// response does not have an ETag field).
   543  	h := w.Header()
   544  	delete(h, "Content-Type")
   545  	delete(h, "Content-Length")
   546  	delete(h, "Content-Encoding")
   547  	if h.Get("Etag") != "" {
   548  		delete(h, "Last-Modified")
   549  	}
   550  	w.WriteHeader(StatusNotModified)
   551  }
   552  
   553  // checkPreconditions evaluates request preconditions and reports whether a precondition
   554  // resulted in sending StatusNotModified or StatusPreconditionFailed.
   555  func checkPreconditions(w ResponseWriter, r *Request, modtime time.Time) (done bool, rangeHeader string) {
   556  	// This function carefully follows RFC 7232 section 6.
   557  	ch := checkIfMatch(w, r)
   558  	if ch == condNone {
   559  		ch = checkIfUnmodifiedSince(r, modtime)
   560  	}
   561  	if ch == condFalse {
   562  		w.WriteHeader(StatusPreconditionFailed)
   563  		return true, ""
   564  	}
   565  	switch checkIfNoneMatch(w, r) {
   566  	case condFalse:
   567  		if r.Method == "GET" || r.Method == "HEAD" {
   568  			writeNotModified(w)
   569  			return true, ""
   570  		} else {
   571  			w.WriteHeader(StatusPreconditionFailed)
   572  			return true, ""
   573  		}
   574  	case condNone:
   575  		if checkIfModifiedSince(r, modtime) == condFalse {
   576  			writeNotModified(w)
   577  			return true, ""
   578  		}
   579  	}
   580  
   581  	rangeHeader = r.Header.get("Range")
   582  	if rangeHeader != "" && checkIfRange(w, r, modtime) == condFalse {
   583  		rangeHeader = ""
   584  	}
   585  	return false, rangeHeader
   586  }
   587  
   588  // name is '/'-separated, not filepath.Separator.
   589  func serveFile(w ResponseWriter, r *Request, fs FileSystem, name string, redirect bool) {
   590  	const indexPage = "/index.html"
   591  
   592  	// redirect .../index.html to .../
   593  	// can't use Redirect() because that would make the path absolute,
   594  	// which would be a problem running under StripPrefix
   595  	if strings.HasSuffix(r.URL.Path, indexPage) {
   596  		localRedirect(w, r, "./")
   597  		return
   598  	}
   599  
   600  	f, err := fs.Open(name)
   601  	if err != nil {
   602  		msg, code := toHTTPError(err)
   603  		Error(w, msg, code)
   604  		return
   605  	}
   606  	defer f.Close()
   607  
   608  	d, err := f.Stat()
   609  	if err != nil {
   610  		msg, code := toHTTPError(err)
   611  		Error(w, msg, code)
   612  		return
   613  	}
   614  
   615  	if redirect {
   616  		// redirect to canonical path: / at end of directory url
   617  		// r.URL.Path always begins with /
   618  		url := r.URL.Path
   619  		if d.IsDir() {
   620  			if url[len(url)-1] != '/' {
   621  				localRedirect(w, r, path.Base(url)+"/")
   622  				return
   623  			}
   624  		} else {
   625  			if url[len(url)-1] == '/' {
   626  				localRedirect(w, r, "../"+path.Base(url))
   627  				return
   628  			}
   629  		}
   630  	}
   631  
   632  	if d.IsDir() {
   633  		url := r.URL.Path
   634  		// redirect if the directory name doesn't end in a slash
   635  		if url == "" || url[len(url)-1] != '/' {
   636  			localRedirect(w, r, path.Base(url)+"/")
   637  			return
   638  		}
   639  
   640  		// use contents of index.html for directory, if present
   641  		index := strings.TrimSuffix(name, "/") + indexPage
   642  		ff, err := fs.Open(index)
   643  		if err == nil {
   644  			defer ff.Close()
   645  			dd, err := ff.Stat()
   646  			if err == nil {
   647  				name = index
   648  				d = dd
   649  				f = ff
   650  			}
   651  		}
   652  	}
   653  
   654  	// Still a directory? (we didn't find an index.html file)
   655  	if d.IsDir() {
   656  		if checkIfModifiedSince(r, d.ModTime()) == condFalse {
   657  			writeNotModified(w)
   658  			return
   659  		}
   660  		setLastModified(w, d.ModTime())
   661  		dirList(w, r, f)
   662  		return
   663  	}
   664  
   665  	// serveContent will check modification time
   666  	sizeFunc := func() (int64, error) { return d.Size(), nil }
   667  	serveContent(w, r, d.Name(), d.ModTime(), sizeFunc, f)
   668  }
   669  
   670  // toHTTPError returns a non-specific HTTP error message and status code
   671  // for a given non-nil error value. It's important that toHTTPError does not
   672  // actually return err.Error(), since msg and httpStatus are returned to users,
   673  // and historically Go's ServeContent always returned just "404 Not Found" for
   674  // all errors. We don't want to start leaking information in error messages.
   675  func toHTTPError(err error) (msg string, httpStatus int) {
   676  	if errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
   677  		return "404 page not found", StatusNotFound
   678  	}
   679  	if errors.Is(err, fs.ErrPermission) {
   680  		return "403 Forbidden", StatusForbidden
   681  	}
   682  	// Default:
   683  	return "500 Internal Server Error", StatusInternalServerError
   684  }
   685  
   686  // localRedirect gives a Moved Permanently response.
   687  // It does not convert relative paths to absolute paths like Redirect does.
   688  func localRedirect(w ResponseWriter, r *Request, newPath string) {
   689  	if q := r.URL.RawQuery; q != "" {
   690  		newPath += "?" + q
   691  	}
   692  	w.Header().Set("Location", newPath)
   693  	w.WriteHeader(StatusMovedPermanently)
   694  }
   695  
   696  // ServeFile replies to the request with the contents of the named
   697  // file or directory.
   698  //
   699  // If the provided file or directory name is a relative path, it is
   700  // interpreted relative to the current directory and may ascend to
   701  // parent directories. If the provided name is constructed from user
   702  // input, it should be sanitized before calling ServeFile.
   703  //
   704  // As a precaution, ServeFile will reject requests where r.URL.Path
   705  // contains a ".." path element; this protects against callers who
   706  // might unsafely use filepath.Join on r.URL.Path without sanitizing
   707  // it and then use that filepath.Join result as the name argument.
   708  //
   709  // As another special case, ServeFile redirects any request where r.URL.Path
   710  // ends in "/index.html" to the same path, without the final
   711  // "index.html". To avoid such redirects either modify the path or
   712  // use ServeContent.
   713  //
   714  // Outside of those two special cases, ServeFile does not use
   715  // r.URL.Path for selecting the file or directory to serve; only the
   716  // file or directory provided in the name argument is used.
   717  func ServeFile(w ResponseWriter, r *Request, name string) {
   718  	if containsDotDot(r.URL.Path) {
   719  		// Too many programs use r.URL.Path to construct the argument to
   720  		// serveFile. Reject the request under the assumption that happened
   721  		// here and ".." may not be wanted.
   722  		// Note that name might not contain "..", for example if code (still
   723  		// incorrectly) used filepath.Join(myDir, r.URL.Path).
   724  		Error(w, "invalid URL path", StatusBadRequest)
   725  		return
   726  	}
   727  	dir, file := filepath.Split(name)
   728  	serveFile(w, r, Dir(dir), file, false)
   729  }
   730  
   731  func containsDotDot(v string) bool {
   732  	if !strings.Contains(v, "..") {
   733  		return false
   734  	}
   735  	for _, ent := range strings.FieldsFunc(v, isSlashRune) {
   736  		if ent == ".." {
   737  			return true
   738  		}
   739  	}
   740  	return false
   741  }
   742  
   743  func isSlashRune(r rune) bool { return r == '/' || r == '\\' }
   744  
   745  type fileHandler struct {
   746  	root FileSystem
   747  }
   748  
   749  type ioFS struct {
   750  	fsys fs.FS
   751  }
   752  
   753  type ioFile struct {
   754  	file fs.File
   755  }
   756  
   757  func (f ioFS) Open(name string) (File, error) {
   758  	if name == "/" {
   759  		name = "."
   760  	} else {
   761  		name = strings.TrimPrefix(name, "/")
   762  	}
   763  	file, err := f.fsys.Open(name)
   764  	if err != nil {
   765  		return nil, mapOpenError(err, name, '/', func(path string) (fs.FileInfo, error) {
   766  			return fs.Stat(f.fsys, path)
   767  		})
   768  	}
   769  	return ioFile{file}, nil
   770  }
   771  
   772  func (f ioFile) Close() error               { return f.file.Close() }
   773  func (f ioFile) Read(b []byte) (int, error) { return f.file.Read(b) }
   774  func (f ioFile) Stat() (fs.FileInfo, error) { return f.file.Stat() }
   775  
   776  var errMissingSeek = errors.New("io.File missing Seek method")
   777  var errMissingReadDir = errors.New("io.File directory missing ReadDir method")
   778  
   779  func (f ioFile) Seek(offset int64, whence int) (int64, error) {
   780  	s, ok := f.file.(io.Seeker)
   781  	if !ok {
   782  		return 0, errMissingSeek
   783  	}
   784  	return s.Seek(offset, whence)
   785  }
   786  
   787  func (f ioFile) ReadDir(count int) ([]fs.DirEntry, error) {
   788  	d, ok := f.file.(fs.ReadDirFile)
   789  	if !ok {
   790  		return nil, errMissingReadDir
   791  	}
   792  	return d.ReadDir(count)
   793  }
   794  
   795  func (f ioFile) Readdir(count int) ([]fs.FileInfo, error) {
   796  	d, ok := f.file.(fs.ReadDirFile)
   797  	if !ok {
   798  		return nil, errMissingReadDir
   799  	}
   800  	var list []fs.FileInfo
   801  	for {
   802  		dirs, err := d.ReadDir(count - len(list))
   803  		for _, dir := range dirs {
   804  			info, err := dir.Info()
   805  			if err != nil {
   806  				// Pretend it doesn't exist, like (*os.File).Readdir does.
   807  				continue
   808  			}
   809  			list = append(list, info)
   810  		}
   811  		if err != nil {
   812  			return list, err
   813  		}
   814  		if count < 0 || len(list) >= count {
   815  			break
   816  		}
   817  	}
   818  	return list, nil
   819  }
   820  
   821  // FS converts fsys to a FileSystem implementation,
   822  // for use with FileServer and NewFileTransport.
   823  func FS(fsys fs.FS) FileSystem {
   824  	return ioFS{fsys}
   825  }
   826  
   827  // FileServer returns a handler that serves HTTP requests
   828  // with the contents of the file system rooted at root.
   829  //
   830  // As a special case, the returned file server redirects any request
   831  // ending in "/index.html" to the same path, without the final
   832  // "index.html".
   833  //
   834  // To use the operating system's file system implementation,
   835  // use http.Dir:
   836  //
   837  //	http.Handle("/", http.FileServer(http.Dir("/tmp")))
   838  //
   839  // To use an fs.FS implementation, use http.FS to convert it:
   840  //
   841  //	http.Handle("/", http.FileServer(http.FS(fsys)))
   842  func FileServer(root FileSystem) Handler {
   843  	return &fileHandler{root}
   844  }
   845  
   846  func (f *fileHandler) ServeHTTP(w ResponseWriter, r *Request) {
   847  	upath := r.URL.Path
   848  	if !strings.HasPrefix(upath, "/") {
   849  		upath = "/" + upath
   850  		r.URL.Path = upath
   851  	}
   852  	serveFile(w, r, f.root, path.Clean(upath), true)
   853  }
   854  
   855  // httpRange specifies the byte range to be sent to the client.
   856  type httpRange struct {
   857  	start, length int64
   858  }
   859  
   860  func (r httpRange) contentRange(size int64) string {
   861  	return fmt.Sprintf("bytes %d-%d/%d", r.start, r.start+r.length-1, size)
   862  }
   863  
   864  func (r httpRange) mimeHeader(contentType string, size int64) textproto.MIMEHeader {
   865  	return textproto.MIMEHeader{
   866  		"Content-Range": {r.contentRange(size)},
   867  		"Content-Type":  {contentType},
   868  	}
   869  }
   870  
   871  // parseRange parses a Range header string as per RFC 7233.
   872  // errNoOverlap is returned if none of the ranges overlap.
   873  func parseRange(s string, size int64) ([]httpRange, error) {
   874  	if s == "" {
   875  		return nil, nil // header not present
   876  	}
   877  	const b = "bytes="
   878  	if !strings.HasPrefix(s, b) {
   879  		return nil, errors.New("invalid range")
   880  	}
   881  	var ranges []httpRange
   882  	noOverlap := false
   883  	for _, ra := range strings.Split(s[len(b):], ",") {
   884  		ra = textproto.TrimString(ra)
   885  		if ra == "" {
   886  			continue
   887  		}
   888  		start, end, ok := strings.Cut(ra, "-")
   889  		if !ok {
   890  			return nil, errors.New("invalid range")
   891  		}
   892  		start, end = textproto.TrimString(start), textproto.TrimString(end)
   893  		var r httpRange
   894  		if start == "" {
   895  			// If no start is specified, end specifies the
   896  			// range start relative to the end of the file,
   897  			// and we are dealing with <suffix-length>
   898  			// which has to be a non-negative integer as per
   899  			// RFC 7233 Section 2.1 "Byte-Ranges".
   900  			if end == "" || end[0] == '-' {
   901  				return nil, errors.New("invalid range")
   902  			}
   903  			i, err := strconv.ParseInt(end, 10, 64)
   904  			if i < 0 || err != nil {
   905  				return nil, errors.New("invalid range")
   906  			}
   907  			if i > size {
   908  				i = size
   909  			}
   910  			r.start = size - i
   911  			r.length = size - r.start
   912  		} else {
   913  			i, err := strconv.ParseInt(start, 10, 64)
   914  			if err != nil || i < 0 {
   915  				return nil, errors.New("invalid range")
   916  			}
   917  			if i >= size {
   918  				// If the range begins after the size of the content,
   919  				// then it does not overlap.
   920  				noOverlap = true
   921  				continue
   922  			}
   923  			r.start = i
   924  			if end == "" {
   925  				// If no end is specified, range extends to end of the file.
   926  				r.length = size - r.start
   927  			} else {
   928  				i, err := strconv.ParseInt(end, 10, 64)
   929  				if err != nil || r.start > i {
   930  					return nil, errors.New("invalid range")
   931  				}
   932  				if i >= size {
   933  					i = size - 1
   934  				}
   935  				r.length = i - r.start + 1
   936  			}
   937  		}
   938  		ranges = append(ranges, r)
   939  	}
   940  	if noOverlap && len(ranges) == 0 {
   941  		// The specified ranges did not overlap with the content.
   942  		return nil, errNoOverlap
   943  	}
   944  	return ranges, nil
   945  }
   946  
   947  // countingWriter counts how many bytes have been written to it.
   948  type countingWriter int64
   949  
   950  func (w *countingWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
   951  	*w += countingWriter(len(p))
   952  	return len(p), nil
   953  }
   954  
   955  // rangesMIMESize returns the number of bytes it takes to encode the
   956  // provided ranges as a multipart response.
   957  func rangesMIMESize(ranges []httpRange, contentType string, contentSize int64) (encSize int64) {
   958  	var w countingWriter
   959  	mw := multipart.NewWriter(&w)
   960  	for _, ra := range ranges {
   961  		mw.CreatePart(ra.mimeHeader(contentType, contentSize))
   962  		encSize += ra.length
   963  	}
   964  	mw.Close()
   965  	encSize += int64(w)
   966  	return
   967  }
   968  
   969  func sumRangesSize(ranges []httpRange) (size int64) {
   970  	for _, ra := range ranges {
   971  		size += ra.length
   972  	}
   973  	return
   974  }
   975  

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