Source file src/golang.org/x/sys/windows/syscall_windows.go

Documentation: golang.org/x/sys/windows

     1  // Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
     2  // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
     3  // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
     4  
     5  // Windows system calls.
     6  
     7  package windows
     8  
     9  import (
    10  	errorspkg "errors"
    11  	"fmt"
    12  	"runtime"
    13  	"strings"
    14  	"sync"
    15  	"syscall"
    16  	"time"
    17  	"unicode/utf16"
    18  	"unsafe"
    19  
    20  	"golang.org/x/sys/internal/unsafeheader"
    21  )
    22  
    23  type Handle uintptr
    24  type HWND uintptr
    25  
    26  const (
    27  	InvalidHandle = ^Handle(0)
    28  	InvalidHWND   = ^HWND(0)
    29  
    30  	// Flags for DefineDosDevice.
    31  	DDD_EXACT_MATCH_ON_REMOVE = 0x00000004
    32  	DDD_NO_BROADCAST_SYSTEM   = 0x00000008
    33  	DDD_RAW_TARGET_PATH       = 0x00000001
    34  	DDD_REMOVE_DEFINITION     = 0x00000002
    35  
    36  	// Return values for GetDriveType.
    37  	DRIVE_UNKNOWN     = 0
    38  	DRIVE_NO_ROOT_DIR = 1
    39  	DRIVE_REMOVABLE   = 2
    40  	DRIVE_FIXED       = 3
    41  	DRIVE_REMOTE      = 4
    42  	DRIVE_CDROM       = 5
    43  	DRIVE_RAMDISK     = 6
    44  
    45  	// File system flags from GetVolumeInformation and GetVolumeInformationByHandle.
    46  	FILE_CASE_SENSITIVE_SEARCH        = 0x00000001
    47  	FILE_CASE_PRESERVED_NAMES         = 0x00000002
    48  	FILE_FILE_COMPRESSION             = 0x00000010
    49  	FILE_DAX_VOLUME                   = 0x20000000
    50  	FILE_NAMED_STREAMS                = 0x00040000
    51  	FILE_PERSISTENT_ACLS              = 0x00000008
    52  	FILE_READ_ONLY_VOLUME             = 0x00080000
    53  	FILE_SEQUENTIAL_WRITE_ONCE        = 0x00100000
    54  	FILE_SUPPORTS_ENCRYPTION          = 0x00020000
    55  	FILE_SUPPORTS_EXTENDED_ATTRIBUTES = 0x00800000
    56  	FILE_SUPPORTS_HARD_LINKS          = 0x00400000
    57  	FILE_SUPPORTS_OBJECT_IDS          = 0x00010000
    58  	FILE_SUPPORTS_OPEN_BY_FILE_ID     = 0x01000000
    59  	FILE_SUPPORTS_REPARSE_POINTS      = 0x00000080
    60  	FILE_SUPPORTS_SPARSE_FILES        = 0x00000040
    61  	FILE_SUPPORTS_TRANSACTIONS        = 0x00200000
    62  	FILE_SUPPORTS_USN_JOURNAL         = 0x02000000
    63  	FILE_UNICODE_ON_DISK              = 0x00000004
    64  	FILE_VOLUME_IS_COMPRESSED         = 0x00008000
    65  	FILE_VOLUME_QUOTAS                = 0x00000020
    66  
    67  	// Flags for LockFileEx.
    68  	LOCKFILE_FAIL_IMMEDIATELY = 0x00000001
    69  	LOCKFILE_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK   = 0x00000002
    70  
    71  	// Return value of SleepEx and other APC functions
    72  	WAIT_IO_COMPLETION = 0x000000C0
    73  )
    74  
    75  // StringToUTF16 is deprecated. Use UTF16FromString instead.
    76  // If s contains a NUL byte this function panics instead of
    77  // returning an error.
    78  func StringToUTF16(s string) []uint16 {
    79  	a, err := UTF16FromString(s)
    80  	if err != nil {
    81  		panic("windows: string with NUL passed to StringToUTF16")
    82  	}
    83  	return a
    84  }
    85  
    86  // UTF16FromString returns the UTF-16 encoding of the UTF-8 string
    87  // s, with a terminating NUL added. If s contains a NUL byte at any
    88  // location, it returns (nil, syscall.EINVAL).
    89  func UTF16FromString(s string) ([]uint16, error) {
    90  	if strings.IndexByte(s, 0) != -1 {
    91  		return nil, syscall.EINVAL
    92  	}
    93  	return utf16.Encode([]rune(s + "\x00")), nil
    94  }
    95  
    96  // UTF16ToString returns the UTF-8 encoding of the UTF-16 sequence s,
    97  // with a terminating NUL and any bytes after the NUL removed.
    98  func UTF16ToString(s []uint16) string {
    99  	for i, v := range s {
   100  		if v == 0 {
   101  			s = s[:i]
   102  			break
   103  		}
   104  	}
   105  	return string(utf16.Decode(s))
   106  }
   107  
   108  // StringToUTF16Ptr is deprecated. Use UTF16PtrFromString instead.
   109  // If s contains a NUL byte this function panics instead of
   110  // returning an error.
   111  func StringToUTF16Ptr(s string) *uint16 { return &StringToUTF16(s)[0] }
   112  
   113  // UTF16PtrFromString returns pointer to the UTF-16 encoding of
   114  // the UTF-8 string s, with a terminating NUL added. If s
   115  // contains a NUL byte at any location, it returns (nil, syscall.EINVAL).
   116  func UTF16PtrFromString(s string) (*uint16, error) {
   117  	a, err := UTF16FromString(s)
   118  	if err != nil {
   119  		return nil, err
   120  	}
   121  	return &a[0], nil
   122  }
   123  
   124  // UTF16PtrToString takes a pointer to a UTF-16 sequence and returns the corresponding UTF-8 encoded string.
   125  // If the pointer is nil, it returns the empty string. It assumes that the UTF-16 sequence is terminated
   126  // at a zero word; if the zero word is not present, the program may crash.
   127  func UTF16PtrToString(p *uint16) string {
   128  	if p == nil {
   129  		return ""
   130  	}
   131  	if *p == 0 {
   132  		return ""
   133  	}
   134  
   135  	// Find NUL terminator.
   136  	n := 0
   137  	for ptr := unsafe.Pointer(p); *(*uint16)(ptr) != 0; n++ {
   138  		ptr = unsafe.Pointer(uintptr(ptr) + unsafe.Sizeof(*p))
   139  	}
   140  
   141  	return string(utf16.Decode(unsafe.Slice(p, n)))
   142  }
   143  
   144  func Getpagesize() int { return 4096 }
   145  
   146  // NewCallback converts a Go function to a function pointer conforming to the stdcall calling convention.
   147  // This is useful when interoperating with Windows code requiring callbacks.
   148  // The argument is expected to be a function with with one uintptr-sized result. The function must not have arguments with size larger than the size of uintptr.
   149  func NewCallback(fn interface{}) uintptr {
   150  	return syscall.NewCallback(fn)
   151  }
   152  
   153  // NewCallbackCDecl converts a Go function to a function pointer conforming to the cdecl calling convention.
   154  // This is useful when interoperating with Windows code requiring callbacks.
   155  // The argument is expected to be a function with with one uintptr-sized result. The function must not have arguments with size larger than the size of uintptr.
   156  func NewCallbackCDecl(fn interface{}) uintptr {
   157  	return syscall.NewCallbackCDecl(fn)
   158  }
   159  
   160  // windows api calls
   161  
   162  //sys	GetLastError() (lasterr error)
   163  //sys	LoadLibrary(libname string) (handle Handle, err error) = LoadLibraryW
   164  //sys	LoadLibraryEx(libname string, zero Handle, flags uintptr) (handle Handle, err error) = LoadLibraryExW
   165  //sys	FreeLibrary(handle Handle) (err error)
   166  //sys	GetProcAddress(module Handle, procname string) (proc uintptr, err error)
   167  //sys	GetModuleFileName(module Handle, filename *uint16, size uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetModuleFileNameW
   168  //sys	GetModuleHandleEx(flags uint32, moduleName *uint16, module *Handle) (err error) = kernel32.GetModuleHandleExW
   169  //sys	SetDefaultDllDirectories(directoryFlags uint32) (err error)
   170  //sys	SetDllDirectory(path string) (err error) = kernel32.SetDllDirectoryW
   171  //sys	GetVersion() (ver uint32, err error)
   172  //sys	FormatMessage(flags uint32, msgsrc uintptr, msgid uint32, langid uint32, buf []uint16, args *byte) (n uint32, err error) = FormatMessageW
   173  //sys	ExitProcess(exitcode uint32)
   174  //sys	IsWow64Process(handle Handle, isWow64 *bool) (err error) = IsWow64Process
   175  //sys	IsWow64Process2(handle Handle, processMachine *uint16, nativeMachine *uint16) (err error) = IsWow64Process2?
   176  //sys	CreateFile(name *uint16, access uint32, mode uint32, sa *SecurityAttributes, createmode uint32, attrs uint32, templatefile Handle) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = CreateFileW
   177  //sys	CreateNamedPipe(name *uint16, flags uint32, pipeMode uint32, maxInstances uint32, outSize uint32, inSize uint32, defaultTimeout uint32, sa *SecurityAttributes) (handle Handle, err error)  [failretval==InvalidHandle] = CreateNamedPipeW
   178  //sys	ConnectNamedPipe(pipe Handle, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
   179  //sys	GetNamedPipeInfo(pipe Handle, flags *uint32, outSize *uint32, inSize *uint32, maxInstances *uint32) (err error)
   180  //sys	GetNamedPipeHandleState(pipe Handle, state *uint32, curInstances *uint32, maxCollectionCount *uint32, collectDataTimeout *uint32, userName *uint16, maxUserNameSize uint32) (err error) = GetNamedPipeHandleStateW
   181  //sys	SetNamedPipeHandleState(pipe Handle, state *uint32, maxCollectionCount *uint32, collectDataTimeout *uint32) (err error) = SetNamedPipeHandleState
   182  //sys	readFile(handle Handle, buf []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) = ReadFile
   183  //sys	writeFile(handle Handle, buf []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) = WriteFile
   184  //sys	GetOverlappedResult(handle Handle, overlapped *Overlapped, done *uint32, wait bool) (err error)
   185  //sys	SetFilePointer(handle Handle, lowoffset int32, highoffsetptr *int32, whence uint32) (newlowoffset uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff]
   186  //sys	CloseHandle(handle Handle) (err error)
   187  //sys	GetStdHandle(stdhandle uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle]
   188  //sys	SetStdHandle(stdhandle uint32, handle Handle) (err error)
   189  //sys	findFirstFile1(name *uint16, data *win32finddata1) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = FindFirstFileW
   190  //sys	findNextFile1(handle Handle, data *win32finddata1) (err error) = FindNextFileW
   191  //sys	FindClose(handle Handle) (err error)
   192  //sys	GetFileInformationByHandle(handle Handle, data *ByHandleFileInformation) (err error)
   193  //sys	GetFileInformationByHandleEx(handle Handle, class uint32, outBuffer *byte, outBufferLen uint32) (err error)
   194  //sys	SetFileInformationByHandle(handle Handle, class uint32, inBuffer *byte, inBufferLen uint32) (err error)
   195  //sys	GetCurrentDirectory(buflen uint32, buf *uint16) (n uint32, err error) = GetCurrentDirectoryW
   196  //sys	SetCurrentDirectory(path *uint16) (err error) = SetCurrentDirectoryW
   197  //sys	CreateDirectory(path *uint16, sa *SecurityAttributes) (err error) = CreateDirectoryW
   198  //sys	RemoveDirectory(path *uint16) (err error) = RemoveDirectoryW
   199  //sys	DeleteFile(path *uint16) (err error) = DeleteFileW
   200  //sys	MoveFile(from *uint16, to *uint16) (err error) = MoveFileW
   201  //sys	MoveFileEx(from *uint16, to *uint16, flags uint32) (err error) = MoveFileExW
   202  //sys	LockFileEx(file Handle, flags uint32, reserved uint32, bytesLow uint32, bytesHigh uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
   203  //sys	UnlockFileEx(file Handle, reserved uint32, bytesLow uint32, bytesHigh uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
   204  //sys	GetComputerName(buf *uint16, n *uint32) (err error) = GetComputerNameW
   205  //sys	GetComputerNameEx(nametype uint32, buf *uint16, n *uint32) (err error) = GetComputerNameExW
   206  //sys	SetEndOfFile(handle Handle) (err error)
   207  //sys	GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(time *Filetime)
   208  //sys	GetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime(time *Filetime)
   209  //sys	GetTimeZoneInformation(tzi *Timezoneinformation) (rc uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff]
   210  //sys	CreateIoCompletionPort(filehandle Handle, cphandle Handle, key uintptr, threadcnt uint32) (handle Handle, err error)
   211  //sys	GetQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle Handle, qty *uint32, key *uintptr, overlapped **Overlapped, timeout uint32) (err error)
   212  //sys	PostQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle Handle, qty uint32, key uintptr, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
   213  //sys	CancelIo(s Handle) (err error)
   214  //sys	CancelIoEx(s Handle, o *Overlapped) (err error)
   215  //sys	CreateProcess(appName *uint16, commandLine *uint16, procSecurity *SecurityAttributes, threadSecurity *SecurityAttributes, inheritHandles bool, creationFlags uint32, env *uint16, currentDir *uint16, startupInfo *StartupInfo, outProcInfo *ProcessInformation) (err error) = CreateProcessW
   216  //sys	CreateProcessAsUser(token Token, appName *uint16, commandLine *uint16, procSecurity *SecurityAttributes, threadSecurity *SecurityAttributes, inheritHandles bool, creationFlags uint32, env *uint16, currentDir *uint16, startupInfo *StartupInfo, outProcInfo *ProcessInformation) (err error) = advapi32.CreateProcessAsUserW
   217  //sys   initializeProcThreadAttributeList(attrlist *ProcThreadAttributeList, attrcount uint32, flags uint32, size *uintptr) (err error) = InitializeProcThreadAttributeList
   218  //sys   deleteProcThreadAttributeList(attrlist *ProcThreadAttributeList) = DeleteProcThreadAttributeList
   219  //sys   updateProcThreadAttribute(attrlist *ProcThreadAttributeList, flags uint32, attr uintptr, value unsafe.Pointer, size uintptr, prevvalue unsafe.Pointer, returnedsize *uintptr) (err error) = UpdateProcThreadAttribute
   220  //sys	OpenProcess(desiredAccess uint32, inheritHandle bool, processId uint32) (handle Handle, err error)
   221  //sys	ShellExecute(hwnd Handle, verb *uint16, file *uint16, args *uint16, cwd *uint16, showCmd int32) (err error) [failretval<=32] = shell32.ShellExecuteW
   222  //sys	GetWindowThreadProcessId(hwnd HWND, pid *uint32) (tid uint32, err error) = user32.GetWindowThreadProcessId
   223  //sys	GetShellWindow() (shellWindow HWND) = user32.GetShellWindow
   224  //sys	MessageBox(hwnd HWND, text *uint16, caption *uint16, boxtype uint32) (ret int32, err error) [failretval==0] = user32.MessageBoxW
   225  //sys	ExitWindowsEx(flags uint32, reason uint32) (err error) = user32.ExitWindowsEx
   226  //sys	shGetKnownFolderPath(id *KNOWNFOLDERID, flags uint32, token Token, path **uint16) (ret error) = shell32.SHGetKnownFolderPath
   227  //sys	TerminateProcess(handle Handle, exitcode uint32) (err error)
   228  //sys	GetExitCodeProcess(handle Handle, exitcode *uint32) (err error)
   229  //sys	GetStartupInfo(startupInfo *StartupInfo) (err error) = GetStartupInfoW
   230  //sys	GetProcessTimes(handle Handle, creationTime *Filetime, exitTime *Filetime, kernelTime *Filetime, userTime *Filetime) (err error)
   231  //sys	DuplicateHandle(hSourceProcessHandle Handle, hSourceHandle Handle, hTargetProcessHandle Handle, lpTargetHandle *Handle, dwDesiredAccess uint32, bInheritHandle bool, dwOptions uint32) (err error)
   232  //sys	WaitForSingleObject(handle Handle, waitMilliseconds uint32) (event uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff]
   233  //sys	waitForMultipleObjects(count uint32, handles uintptr, waitAll bool, waitMilliseconds uint32) (event uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff] = WaitForMultipleObjects
   234  //sys	GetTempPath(buflen uint32, buf *uint16) (n uint32, err error) = GetTempPathW
   235  //sys	CreatePipe(readhandle *Handle, writehandle *Handle, sa *SecurityAttributes, size uint32) (err error)
   236  //sys	GetFileType(filehandle Handle) (n uint32, err error)
   237  //sys	CryptAcquireContext(provhandle *Handle, container *uint16, provider *uint16, provtype uint32, flags uint32) (err error) = advapi32.CryptAcquireContextW
   238  //sys	CryptReleaseContext(provhandle Handle, flags uint32) (err error) = advapi32.CryptReleaseContext
   239  //sys	CryptGenRandom(provhandle Handle, buflen uint32, buf *byte) (err error) = advapi32.CryptGenRandom
   240  //sys	GetEnvironmentStrings() (envs *uint16, err error) [failretval==nil] = kernel32.GetEnvironmentStringsW
   241  //sys	FreeEnvironmentStrings(envs *uint16) (err error) = kernel32.FreeEnvironmentStringsW
   242  //sys	GetEnvironmentVariable(name *uint16, buffer *uint16, size uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetEnvironmentVariableW
   243  //sys	SetEnvironmentVariable(name *uint16, value *uint16) (err error) = kernel32.SetEnvironmentVariableW
   244  //sys	ExpandEnvironmentStrings(src *uint16, dst *uint16, size uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.ExpandEnvironmentStringsW
   245  //sys	CreateEnvironmentBlock(block **uint16, token Token, inheritExisting bool) (err error) = userenv.CreateEnvironmentBlock
   246  //sys	DestroyEnvironmentBlock(block *uint16) (err error) = userenv.DestroyEnvironmentBlock
   247  //sys	getTickCount64() (ms uint64) = kernel32.GetTickCount64
   248  //sys	SetFileTime(handle Handle, ctime *Filetime, atime *Filetime, wtime *Filetime) (err error)
   249  //sys	GetFileAttributes(name *uint16) (attrs uint32, err error) [failretval==INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES] = kernel32.GetFileAttributesW
   250  //sys	SetFileAttributes(name *uint16, attrs uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetFileAttributesW
   251  //sys	GetFileAttributesEx(name *uint16, level uint32, info *byte) (err error) = kernel32.GetFileAttributesExW
   252  //sys	GetCommandLine() (cmd *uint16) = kernel32.GetCommandLineW
   253  //sys	CommandLineToArgv(cmd *uint16, argc *int32) (argv *[8192]*[8192]uint16, err error) [failretval==nil] = shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
   254  //sys	LocalFree(hmem Handle) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval!=0]
   255  //sys	LocalAlloc(flags uint32, length uint32) (ptr uintptr, err error)
   256  //sys	SetHandleInformation(handle Handle, mask uint32, flags uint32) (err error)
   257  //sys	FlushFileBuffers(handle Handle) (err error)
   258  //sys	GetFullPathName(path *uint16, buflen uint32, buf *uint16, fname **uint16) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetFullPathNameW
   259  //sys	GetLongPathName(path *uint16, buf *uint16, buflen uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetLongPathNameW
   260  //sys	GetShortPathName(longpath *uint16, shortpath *uint16, buflen uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetShortPathNameW
   261  //sys	GetFinalPathNameByHandle(file Handle, filePath *uint16, filePathSize uint32, flags uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetFinalPathNameByHandleW
   262  //sys	CreateFileMapping(fhandle Handle, sa *SecurityAttributes, prot uint32, maxSizeHigh uint32, maxSizeLow uint32, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateFileMappingW
   263  //sys	MapViewOfFile(handle Handle, access uint32, offsetHigh uint32, offsetLow uint32, length uintptr) (addr uintptr, err error)
   264  //sys	UnmapViewOfFile(addr uintptr) (err error)
   265  //sys	FlushViewOfFile(addr uintptr, length uintptr) (err error)
   266  //sys	VirtualLock(addr uintptr, length uintptr) (err error)
   267  //sys	VirtualUnlock(addr uintptr, length uintptr) (err error)
   268  //sys	VirtualAlloc(address uintptr, size uintptr, alloctype uint32, protect uint32) (value uintptr, err error) = kernel32.VirtualAlloc
   269  //sys	VirtualFree(address uintptr, size uintptr, freetype uint32) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualFree
   270  //sys	VirtualProtect(address uintptr, size uintptr, newprotect uint32, oldprotect *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualProtect
   271  //sys	VirtualProtectEx(process Handle, address uintptr, size uintptr, newProtect uint32, oldProtect *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualProtectEx
   272  //sys	VirtualQuery(address uintptr, buffer *MemoryBasicInformation, length uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualQuery
   273  //sys	VirtualQueryEx(process Handle, address uintptr, buffer *MemoryBasicInformation, length uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualQueryEx
   274  //sys	ReadProcessMemory(process Handle, baseAddress uintptr, buffer *byte, size uintptr, numberOfBytesRead *uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.ReadProcessMemory
   275  //sys	WriteProcessMemory(process Handle, baseAddress uintptr, buffer *byte, size uintptr, numberOfBytesWritten *uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.WriteProcessMemory
   276  //sys	TransmitFile(s Handle, handle Handle, bytesToWrite uint32, bytsPerSend uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, transmitFileBuf *TransmitFileBuffers, flags uint32) (err error) = mswsock.TransmitFile
   277  //sys	ReadDirectoryChanges(handle Handle, buf *byte, buflen uint32, watchSubTree bool, mask uint32, retlen *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, completionRoutine uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.ReadDirectoryChangesW
   278  //sys	FindFirstChangeNotification(path string, watchSubtree bool, notifyFilter uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = kernel32.FindFirstChangeNotificationW
   279  //sys	FindNextChangeNotification(handle Handle) (err error)
   280  //sys	FindCloseChangeNotification(handle Handle) (err error)
   281  //sys	CertOpenSystemStore(hprov Handle, name *uint16) (store Handle, err error) = crypt32.CertOpenSystemStoreW
   282  //sys	CertOpenStore(storeProvider uintptr, msgAndCertEncodingType uint32, cryptProv uintptr, flags uint32, para uintptr) (handle Handle, err error) = crypt32.CertOpenStore
   283  //sys	CertEnumCertificatesInStore(store Handle, prevContext *CertContext) (context *CertContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertEnumCertificatesInStore
   284  //sys	CertAddCertificateContextToStore(store Handle, certContext *CertContext, addDisposition uint32, storeContext **CertContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertAddCertificateContextToStore
   285  //sys	CertCloseStore(store Handle, flags uint32) (err error) = crypt32.CertCloseStore
   286  //sys	CertDeleteCertificateFromStore(certContext *CertContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertDeleteCertificateFromStore
   287  //sys	CertDuplicateCertificateContext(certContext *CertContext) (dupContext *CertContext) = crypt32.CertDuplicateCertificateContext
   288  //sys	PFXImportCertStore(pfx *CryptDataBlob, password *uint16, flags uint32) (store Handle, err error) = crypt32.PFXImportCertStore
   289  //sys	CertGetCertificateChain(engine Handle, leaf *CertContext, time *Filetime, additionalStore Handle, para *CertChainPara, flags uint32, reserved uintptr, chainCtx **CertChainContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertGetCertificateChain
   290  //sys	CertFreeCertificateChain(ctx *CertChainContext) = crypt32.CertFreeCertificateChain
   291  //sys	CertCreateCertificateContext(certEncodingType uint32, certEncoded *byte, encodedLen uint32) (context *CertContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertCreateCertificateContext
   292  //sys	CertFreeCertificateContext(ctx *CertContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertFreeCertificateContext
   293  //sys	CertVerifyCertificateChainPolicy(policyOID uintptr, chain *CertChainContext, para *CertChainPolicyPara, status *CertChainPolicyStatus) (err error) = crypt32.CertVerifyCertificateChainPolicy
   294  //sys	CertGetNameString(certContext *CertContext, nameType uint32, flags uint32, typePara unsafe.Pointer, name *uint16, size uint32) (chars uint32) = crypt32.CertGetNameStringW
   295  //sys	CertFindExtension(objId *byte, countExtensions uint32, extensions *CertExtension) (ret *CertExtension) = crypt32.CertFindExtension
   296  //sys   CertFindCertificateInStore(store Handle, certEncodingType uint32, findFlags uint32, findType uint32, findPara unsafe.Pointer, prevCertContext *CertContext) (cert *CertContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertFindCertificateInStore
   297  //sys   CertFindChainInStore(store Handle, certEncodingType uint32, findFlags uint32, findType uint32, findPara unsafe.Pointer, prevChainContext *CertChainContext) (certchain *CertChainContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertFindChainInStore
   298  //sys   CryptAcquireCertificatePrivateKey(cert *CertContext, flags uint32, parameters unsafe.Pointer, cryptProvOrNCryptKey *Handle, keySpec *uint32, callerFreeProvOrNCryptKey *bool) (err error) = crypt32.CryptAcquireCertificatePrivateKey
   299  //sys	CryptQueryObject(objectType uint32, object unsafe.Pointer, expectedContentTypeFlags uint32, expectedFormatTypeFlags uint32, flags uint32, msgAndCertEncodingType *uint32, contentType *uint32, formatType *uint32, certStore *Handle, msg *Handle, context *unsafe.Pointer) (err error) = crypt32.CryptQueryObject
   300  //sys	CryptDecodeObject(encodingType uint32, structType *byte, encodedBytes *byte, lenEncodedBytes uint32, flags uint32, decoded unsafe.Pointer, decodedLen *uint32) (err error) = crypt32.CryptDecodeObject
   301  //sys	CryptProtectData(dataIn *DataBlob, name *uint16, optionalEntropy *DataBlob, reserved uintptr, promptStruct *CryptProtectPromptStruct, flags uint32, dataOut *DataBlob) (err error) = crypt32.CryptProtectData
   302  //sys	CryptUnprotectData(dataIn *DataBlob, name **uint16, optionalEntropy *DataBlob, reserved uintptr, promptStruct *CryptProtectPromptStruct, flags uint32, dataOut *DataBlob) (err error) = crypt32.CryptUnprotectData
   303  //sys	WinVerifyTrustEx(hwnd HWND, actionId *GUID, data *WinTrustData) (ret error) = wintrust.WinVerifyTrustEx
   304  //sys	RegOpenKeyEx(key Handle, subkey *uint16, options uint32, desiredAccess uint32, result *Handle) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegOpenKeyExW
   305  //sys	RegCloseKey(key Handle) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegCloseKey
   306  //sys	RegQueryInfoKey(key Handle, class *uint16, classLen *uint32, reserved *uint32, subkeysLen *uint32, maxSubkeyLen *uint32, maxClassLen *uint32, valuesLen *uint32, maxValueNameLen *uint32, maxValueLen *uint32, saLen *uint32, lastWriteTime *Filetime) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegQueryInfoKeyW
   307  //sys	RegEnumKeyEx(key Handle, index uint32, name *uint16, nameLen *uint32, reserved *uint32, class *uint16, classLen *uint32, lastWriteTime *Filetime) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegEnumKeyExW
   308  //sys	RegQueryValueEx(key Handle, name *uint16, reserved *uint32, valtype *uint32, buf *byte, buflen *uint32) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegQueryValueExW
   309  //sys	RegNotifyChangeKeyValue(key Handle, watchSubtree bool, notifyFilter uint32, event Handle, asynchronous bool) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegNotifyChangeKeyValue
   310  //sys	GetCurrentProcessId() (pid uint32) = kernel32.GetCurrentProcessId
   311  //sys	ProcessIdToSessionId(pid uint32, sessionid *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.ProcessIdToSessionId
   312  //sys	GetConsoleMode(console Handle, mode *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetConsoleMode
   313  //sys	SetConsoleMode(console Handle, mode uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetConsoleMode
   314  //sys	GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(console Handle, info *ConsoleScreenBufferInfo) (err error) = kernel32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo
   315  //sys	setConsoleCursorPosition(console Handle, position uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetConsoleCursorPosition
   316  //sys	WriteConsole(console Handle, buf *uint16, towrite uint32, written *uint32, reserved *byte) (err error) = kernel32.WriteConsoleW
   317  //sys	ReadConsole(console Handle, buf *uint16, toread uint32, read *uint32, inputControl *byte) (err error) = kernel32.ReadConsoleW
   318  //sys	CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(flags uint32, processId uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = kernel32.CreateToolhelp32Snapshot
   319  //sys	Module32First(snapshot Handle, moduleEntry *ModuleEntry32) (err error) = kernel32.Module32FirstW
   320  //sys	Module32Next(snapshot Handle, moduleEntry *ModuleEntry32) (err error) = kernel32.Module32NextW
   321  //sys	Process32First(snapshot Handle, procEntry *ProcessEntry32) (err error) = kernel32.Process32FirstW
   322  //sys	Process32Next(snapshot Handle, procEntry *ProcessEntry32) (err error) = kernel32.Process32NextW
   323  //sys	Thread32First(snapshot Handle, threadEntry *ThreadEntry32) (err error)
   324  //sys	Thread32Next(snapshot Handle, threadEntry *ThreadEntry32) (err error)
   325  //sys	DeviceIoControl(handle Handle, ioControlCode uint32, inBuffer *byte, inBufferSize uint32, outBuffer *byte, outBufferSize uint32, bytesReturned *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
   326  // This function returns 1 byte BOOLEAN rather than the 4 byte BOOL.
   327  //sys	CreateSymbolicLink(symlinkfilename *uint16, targetfilename *uint16, flags uint32) (err error) [failretval&0xff==0] = CreateSymbolicLinkW
   328  //sys	CreateHardLink(filename *uint16, existingfilename *uint16, reserved uintptr) (err error) [failretval&0xff==0] = CreateHardLinkW
   329  //sys	GetCurrentThreadId() (id uint32)
   330  //sys	CreateEvent(eventAttrs *SecurityAttributes, manualReset uint32, initialState uint32, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateEventW
   331  //sys	CreateEventEx(eventAttrs *SecurityAttributes, name *uint16, flags uint32, desiredAccess uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateEventExW
   332  //sys	OpenEvent(desiredAccess uint32, inheritHandle bool, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) = kernel32.OpenEventW
   333  //sys	SetEvent(event Handle) (err error) = kernel32.SetEvent
   334  //sys	ResetEvent(event Handle) (err error) = kernel32.ResetEvent
   335  //sys	PulseEvent(event Handle) (err error) = kernel32.PulseEvent
   336  //sys	CreateMutex(mutexAttrs *SecurityAttributes, initialOwner bool, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateMutexW
   337  //sys	CreateMutexEx(mutexAttrs *SecurityAttributes, name *uint16, flags uint32, desiredAccess uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateMutexExW
   338  //sys	OpenMutex(desiredAccess uint32, inheritHandle bool, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) = kernel32.OpenMutexW
   339  //sys	ReleaseMutex(mutex Handle) (err error) = kernel32.ReleaseMutex
   340  //sys	SleepEx(milliseconds uint32, alertable bool) (ret uint32) = kernel32.SleepEx
   341  //sys	CreateJobObject(jobAttr *SecurityAttributes, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) = kernel32.CreateJobObjectW
   342  //sys	AssignProcessToJobObject(job Handle, process Handle) (err error) = kernel32.AssignProcessToJobObject
   343  //sys	TerminateJobObject(job Handle, exitCode uint32) (err error) = kernel32.TerminateJobObject
   344  //sys	SetErrorMode(mode uint32) (ret uint32) = kernel32.SetErrorMode
   345  //sys	ResumeThread(thread Handle) (ret uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff] = kernel32.ResumeThread
   346  //sys	SetPriorityClass(process Handle, priorityClass uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetPriorityClass
   347  //sys	GetPriorityClass(process Handle) (ret uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetPriorityClass
   348  //sys	QueryInformationJobObject(job Handle, JobObjectInformationClass int32, JobObjectInformation uintptr, JobObjectInformationLength uint32, retlen *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.QueryInformationJobObject
   349  //sys	SetInformationJobObject(job Handle, JobObjectInformationClass uint32, JobObjectInformation uintptr, JobObjectInformationLength uint32) (ret int, err error)
   350  //sys	GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent(ctrlEvent uint32, processGroupID uint32) (err error)
   351  //sys	GetProcessId(process Handle) (id uint32, err error)
   352  //sys	QueryFullProcessImageName(proc Handle, flags uint32, exeName *uint16, size *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.QueryFullProcessImageNameW
   353  //sys	OpenThread(desiredAccess uint32, inheritHandle bool, threadId uint32) (handle Handle, err error)
   354  //sys	SetProcessPriorityBoost(process Handle, disable bool) (err error) = kernel32.SetProcessPriorityBoost
   355  //sys	GetProcessWorkingSetSizeEx(hProcess Handle, lpMinimumWorkingSetSize *uintptr, lpMaximumWorkingSetSize *uintptr, flags *uint32)
   356  //sys	SetProcessWorkingSetSizeEx(hProcess Handle, dwMinimumWorkingSetSize uintptr, dwMaximumWorkingSetSize uintptr, flags uint32) (err error)
   357  //sys	GetCommTimeouts(handle Handle, timeouts *CommTimeouts) (err error)
   358  //sys	SetCommTimeouts(handle Handle, timeouts *CommTimeouts) (err error)
   359  //sys	GetActiveProcessorCount(groupNumber uint16) (ret uint32)
   360  //sys	GetMaximumProcessorCount(groupNumber uint16) (ret uint32)
   361  //sys	EnumWindows(enumFunc uintptr, param unsafe.Pointer) (err error) = user32.EnumWindows
   362  //sys	EnumChildWindows(hwnd HWND, enumFunc uintptr, param unsafe.Pointer) = user32.EnumChildWindows
   363  //sys	GetClassName(hwnd HWND, className *uint16, maxCount int32) (copied int32, err error) = user32.GetClassNameW
   364  //sys	GetDesktopWindow() (hwnd HWND) = user32.GetDesktopWindow
   365  //sys	GetForegroundWindow() (hwnd HWND) = user32.GetForegroundWindow
   366  //sys	IsWindow(hwnd HWND) (isWindow bool) = user32.IsWindow
   367  //sys	IsWindowUnicode(hwnd HWND) (isUnicode bool) = user32.IsWindowUnicode
   368  //sys	IsWindowVisible(hwnd HWND) (isVisible bool) = user32.IsWindowVisible
   369  //sys	GetGUIThreadInfo(thread uint32, info *GUIThreadInfo) (err error) = user32.GetGUIThreadInfo
   370  //sys	GetLargePageMinimum() (size uintptr)
   371  
   372  // Volume Management Functions
   373  //sys	DefineDosDevice(flags uint32, deviceName *uint16, targetPath *uint16) (err error) = DefineDosDeviceW
   374  //sys	DeleteVolumeMountPoint(volumeMountPoint *uint16) (err error) = DeleteVolumeMountPointW
   375  //sys	FindFirstVolume(volumeName *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = FindFirstVolumeW
   376  //sys	FindFirstVolumeMountPoint(rootPathName *uint16, volumeMountPoint *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = FindFirstVolumeMountPointW
   377  //sys	FindNextVolume(findVolume Handle, volumeName *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (err error) = FindNextVolumeW
   378  //sys	FindNextVolumeMountPoint(findVolumeMountPoint Handle, volumeMountPoint *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (err error) = FindNextVolumeMountPointW
   379  //sys	FindVolumeClose(findVolume Handle) (err error)
   380  //sys	FindVolumeMountPointClose(findVolumeMountPoint Handle) (err error)
   381  //sys	GetDiskFreeSpaceEx(directoryName *uint16, freeBytesAvailableToCaller *uint64, totalNumberOfBytes *uint64, totalNumberOfFreeBytes *uint64) (err error) = GetDiskFreeSpaceExW
   382  //sys	GetDriveType(rootPathName *uint16) (driveType uint32) = GetDriveTypeW
   383  //sys	GetLogicalDrives() (drivesBitMask uint32, err error) [failretval==0]
   384  //sys	GetLogicalDriveStrings(bufferLength uint32, buffer *uint16) (n uint32, err error) [failretval==0] = GetLogicalDriveStringsW
   385  //sys	GetVolumeInformation(rootPathName *uint16, volumeNameBuffer *uint16, volumeNameSize uint32, volumeNameSerialNumber *uint32, maximumComponentLength *uint32, fileSystemFlags *uint32, fileSystemNameBuffer *uint16, fileSystemNameSize uint32) (err error) = GetVolumeInformationW
   386  //sys	GetVolumeInformationByHandle(file Handle, volumeNameBuffer *uint16, volumeNameSize uint32, volumeNameSerialNumber *uint32, maximumComponentLength *uint32, fileSystemFlags *uint32, fileSystemNameBuffer *uint16, fileSystemNameSize uint32) (err error) = GetVolumeInformationByHandleW
   387  //sys	GetVolumeNameForVolumeMountPoint(volumeMountPoint *uint16, volumeName *uint16, bufferlength uint32) (err error) = GetVolumeNameForVolumeMountPointW
   388  //sys	GetVolumePathName(fileName *uint16, volumePathName *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (err error) = GetVolumePathNameW
   389  //sys	GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeName(volumeName *uint16, volumePathNames *uint16, bufferLength uint32, returnLength *uint32) (err error) = GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeNameW
   390  //sys	QueryDosDevice(deviceName *uint16, targetPath *uint16, max uint32) (n uint32, err error) [failretval==0] = QueryDosDeviceW
   391  //sys	SetVolumeLabel(rootPathName *uint16, volumeName *uint16) (err error) = SetVolumeLabelW
   392  //sys	SetVolumeMountPoint(volumeMountPoint *uint16, volumeName *uint16) (err error) = SetVolumeMountPointW
   393  //sys	InitiateSystemShutdownEx(machineName *uint16, message *uint16, timeout uint32, forceAppsClosed bool, rebootAfterShutdown bool, reason uint32) (err error) = advapi32.InitiateSystemShutdownExW
   394  //sys	SetProcessShutdownParameters(level uint32, flags uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetProcessShutdownParameters
   395  //sys	GetProcessShutdownParameters(level *uint32, flags *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetProcessShutdownParameters
   396  //sys	clsidFromString(lpsz *uint16, pclsid *GUID) (ret error) = ole32.CLSIDFromString
   397  //sys	stringFromGUID2(rguid *GUID, lpsz *uint16, cchMax int32) (chars int32) = ole32.StringFromGUID2
   398  //sys	coCreateGuid(pguid *GUID) (ret error) = ole32.CoCreateGuid
   399  //sys	CoTaskMemFree(address unsafe.Pointer) = ole32.CoTaskMemFree
   400  //sys	CoInitializeEx(reserved uintptr, coInit uint32) (ret error) = ole32.CoInitializeEx
   401  //sys	CoUninitialize() = ole32.CoUninitialize
   402  //sys	CoGetObject(name *uint16, bindOpts *BIND_OPTS3, guid *GUID, functionTable **uintptr) (ret error) = ole32.CoGetObject
   403  //sys	getProcessPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetProcessPreferredUILanguages
   404  //sys	getThreadPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetThreadPreferredUILanguages
   405  //sys	getUserPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetUserPreferredUILanguages
   406  //sys	getSystemPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetSystemPreferredUILanguages
   407  //sys	findResource(module Handle, name uintptr, resType uintptr) (resInfo Handle, err error) = kernel32.FindResourceW
   408  //sys	SizeofResource(module Handle, resInfo Handle) (size uint32, err error) = kernel32.SizeofResource
   409  //sys	LoadResource(module Handle, resInfo Handle) (resData Handle, err error) = kernel32.LoadResource
   410  //sys	LockResource(resData Handle) (addr uintptr, err error) = kernel32.LockResource
   411  
   412  // Version APIs
   413  //sys	GetFileVersionInfoSize(filename string, zeroHandle *Handle) (bufSize uint32, err error) = version.GetFileVersionInfoSizeW
   414  //sys	GetFileVersionInfo(filename string, handle uint32, bufSize uint32, buffer unsafe.Pointer) (err error) = version.GetFileVersionInfoW
   415  //sys	VerQueryValue(block unsafe.Pointer, subBlock string, pointerToBufferPointer unsafe.Pointer, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = version.VerQueryValueW
   416  
   417  // Process Status API (PSAPI)
   418  //sys	EnumProcesses(processIds []uint32, bytesReturned *uint32) (err error) = psapi.EnumProcesses
   419  //sys	EnumProcessModules(process Handle, module *Handle, cb uint32, cbNeeded *uint32) (err error) = psapi.EnumProcessModules
   420  //sys	EnumProcessModulesEx(process Handle, module *Handle, cb uint32, cbNeeded *uint32, filterFlag uint32) (err error) = psapi.EnumProcessModulesEx
   421  //sys	GetModuleInformation(process Handle, module Handle, modinfo *ModuleInfo, cb uint32) (err error) = psapi.GetModuleInformation
   422  //sys	GetModuleFileNameEx(process Handle, module Handle, filename *uint16, size uint32) (err error) = psapi.GetModuleFileNameExW
   423  //sys	GetModuleBaseName(process Handle, module Handle, baseName *uint16, size uint32) (err error) = psapi.GetModuleBaseNameW
   424  //sys   QueryWorkingSetEx(process Handle, pv uintptr, cb uint32) (err error) = psapi.QueryWorkingSetEx
   425  
   426  // NT Native APIs
   427  //sys	rtlNtStatusToDosErrorNoTeb(ntstatus NTStatus) (ret syscall.Errno) = ntdll.RtlNtStatusToDosErrorNoTeb
   428  //sys	rtlGetVersion(info *OsVersionInfoEx) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.RtlGetVersion
   429  //sys	rtlGetNtVersionNumbers(majorVersion *uint32, minorVersion *uint32, buildNumber *uint32) = ntdll.RtlGetNtVersionNumbers
   430  //sys	RtlGetCurrentPeb() (peb *PEB) = ntdll.RtlGetCurrentPeb
   431  //sys	RtlInitUnicodeString(destinationString *NTUnicodeString, sourceString *uint16) = ntdll.RtlInitUnicodeString
   432  //sys	RtlInitString(destinationString *NTString, sourceString *byte) = ntdll.RtlInitString
   433  //sys	NtCreateFile(handle *Handle, access uint32, oa *OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES, iosb *IO_STATUS_BLOCK, allocationSize *int64, attributes uint32, share uint32, disposition uint32, options uint32, eabuffer uintptr, ealength uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtCreateFile
   434  //sys	NtCreateNamedPipeFile(pipe *Handle, access uint32, oa *OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES, iosb *IO_STATUS_BLOCK, share uint32, disposition uint32, options uint32, typ uint32, readMode uint32, completionMode uint32, maxInstances uint32, inboundQuota uint32, outputQuota uint32, timeout *int64) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtCreateNamedPipeFile
   435  //sys	NtSetInformationFile(handle Handle, iosb *IO_STATUS_BLOCK, inBuffer *byte, inBufferLen uint32, class uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtSetInformationFile
   436  //sys	RtlDosPathNameToNtPathName(dosName *uint16, ntName *NTUnicodeString, ntFileNamePart *uint16, relativeName *RTL_RELATIVE_NAME) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.RtlDosPathNameToNtPathName_U_WithStatus
   437  //sys	RtlDosPathNameToRelativeNtPathName(dosName *uint16, ntName *NTUnicodeString, ntFileNamePart *uint16, relativeName *RTL_RELATIVE_NAME) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.RtlDosPathNameToRelativeNtPathName_U_WithStatus
   438  //sys	RtlDefaultNpAcl(acl **ACL) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.RtlDefaultNpAcl
   439  //sys	NtQueryInformationProcess(proc Handle, procInfoClass int32, procInfo unsafe.Pointer, procInfoLen uint32, retLen *uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtQueryInformationProcess
   440  //sys	NtSetInformationProcess(proc Handle, procInfoClass int32, procInfo unsafe.Pointer, procInfoLen uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtSetInformationProcess
   441  //sys	NtQuerySystemInformation(sysInfoClass int32, sysInfo unsafe.Pointer, sysInfoLen uint32, retLen *uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtQuerySystemInformation
   442  //sys	NtSetSystemInformation(sysInfoClass int32, sysInfo unsafe.Pointer, sysInfoLen uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtSetSystemInformation
   443  //sys	RtlAddFunctionTable(functionTable *RUNTIME_FUNCTION, entryCount uint32, baseAddress uintptr) (ret bool) = ntdll.RtlAddFunctionTable
   444  //sys	RtlDeleteFunctionTable(functionTable *RUNTIME_FUNCTION) (ret bool) = ntdll.RtlDeleteFunctionTable
   445  
   446  // Desktop Window Manager API (Dwmapi)
   447  //sys	DwmGetWindowAttribute(hwnd HWND, attribute uint32, value unsafe.Pointer, size uint32) (ret error) = dwmapi.DwmGetWindowAttribute
   448  //sys	DwmSetWindowAttribute(hwnd HWND, attribute uint32, value unsafe.Pointer, size uint32) (ret error) = dwmapi.DwmSetWindowAttribute
   449  
   450  // syscall interface implementation for other packages
   451  
   452  // GetCurrentProcess returns the handle for the current process.
   453  // It is a pseudo handle that does not need to be closed.
   454  // The returned error is always nil.
   455  //
   456  // Deprecated: use CurrentProcess for the same Handle without the nil
   457  // error.
   458  func GetCurrentProcess() (Handle, error) {
   459  	return CurrentProcess(), nil
   460  }
   461  
   462  // CurrentProcess returns the handle for the current process.
   463  // It is a pseudo handle that does not need to be closed.
   464  func CurrentProcess() Handle { return Handle(^uintptr(1 - 1)) }
   465  
   466  // GetCurrentThread returns the handle for the current thread.
   467  // It is a pseudo handle that does not need to be closed.
   468  // The returned error is always nil.
   469  //
   470  // Deprecated: use CurrentThread for the same Handle without the nil
   471  // error.
   472  func GetCurrentThread() (Handle, error) {
   473  	return CurrentThread(), nil
   474  }
   475  
   476  // CurrentThread returns the handle for the current thread.
   477  // It is a pseudo handle that does not need to be closed.
   478  func CurrentThread() Handle { return Handle(^uintptr(2 - 1)) }
   479  
   480  // GetProcAddressByOrdinal retrieves the address of the exported
   481  // function from module by ordinal.
   482  func GetProcAddressByOrdinal(module Handle, ordinal uintptr) (proc uintptr, err error) {
   483  	r0, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall(procGetProcAddress.Addr(), 2, uintptr(module), ordinal, 0)
   484  	proc = uintptr(r0)
   485  	if proc == 0 {
   486  		err = errnoErr(e1)
   487  	}
   488  	return
   489  }
   490  
   491  func Exit(code int) { ExitProcess(uint32(code)) }
   492  
   493  func makeInheritSa() *SecurityAttributes {
   494  	var sa SecurityAttributes
   495  	sa.Length = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa))
   496  	sa.InheritHandle = 1
   497  	return &sa
   498  }
   499  
   500  func Open(path string, mode int, perm uint32) (fd Handle, err error) {
   501  	if len(path) == 0 {
   502  		return InvalidHandle, ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND
   503  	}
   504  	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
   505  	if err != nil {
   506  		return InvalidHandle, err
   507  	}
   508  	var access uint32
   509  	switch mode & (O_RDONLY | O_WRONLY | O_RDWR) {
   510  	case O_RDONLY:
   511  		access = GENERIC_READ
   512  	case O_WRONLY:
   513  		access = GENERIC_WRITE
   514  	case O_RDWR:
   515  		access = GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE
   516  	}
   517  	if mode&O_CREAT != 0 {
   518  		access |= GENERIC_WRITE
   519  	}
   520  	if mode&O_APPEND != 0 {
   521  		access &^= GENERIC_WRITE
   522  		access |= FILE_APPEND_DATA
   523  	}
   524  	sharemode := uint32(FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE)
   525  	var sa *SecurityAttributes
   526  	if mode&O_CLOEXEC == 0 {
   527  		sa = makeInheritSa()
   528  	}
   529  	var createmode uint32
   530  	switch {
   531  	case mode&(O_CREAT|O_EXCL) == (O_CREAT | O_EXCL):
   532  		createmode = CREATE_NEW
   533  	case mode&(O_CREAT|O_TRUNC) == (O_CREAT | O_TRUNC):
   534  		createmode = CREATE_ALWAYS
   535  	case mode&O_CREAT == O_CREAT:
   536  		createmode = OPEN_ALWAYS
   537  	case mode&O_TRUNC == O_TRUNC:
   538  		createmode = TRUNCATE_EXISTING
   539  	default:
   540  		createmode = OPEN_EXISTING
   541  	}
   542  	var attrs uint32 = FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL
   543  	if perm&S_IWRITE == 0 {
   544  		attrs = FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
   545  	}
   546  	h, e := CreateFile(pathp, access, sharemode, sa, createmode, attrs, 0)
   547  	return h, e
   548  }
   549  
   550  func Read(fd Handle, p []byte) (n int, err error) {
   551  	var done uint32
   552  	e := ReadFile(fd, p, &done, nil)
   553  	if e != nil {
   554  		if e == ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE {
   555  			// NOTE(brainman): work around ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE is returned on reading EOF from stdin
   556  			return 0, nil
   557  		}
   558  		return 0, e
   559  	}
   560  	return int(done), nil
   561  }
   562  
   563  func Write(fd Handle, p []byte) (n int, err error) {
   564  	if raceenabled {
   565  		raceReleaseMerge(unsafe.Pointer(&ioSync))
   566  	}
   567  	var done uint32
   568  	e := WriteFile(fd, p, &done, nil)
   569  	if e != nil {
   570  		return 0, e
   571  	}
   572  	return int(done), nil
   573  }
   574  
   575  func ReadFile(fd Handle, p []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) error {
   576  	err := readFile(fd, p, done, overlapped)
   577  	if raceenabled {
   578  		if *done > 0 {
   579  			raceWriteRange(unsafe.Pointer(&p[0]), int(*done))
   580  		}
   581  		raceAcquire(unsafe.Pointer(&ioSync))
   582  	}
   583  	return err
   584  }
   585  
   586  func WriteFile(fd Handle, p []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) error {
   587  	if raceenabled {
   588  		raceReleaseMerge(unsafe.Pointer(&ioSync))
   589  	}
   590  	err := writeFile(fd, p, done, overlapped)
   591  	if raceenabled && *done > 0 {
   592  		raceReadRange(unsafe.Pointer(&p[0]), int(*done))
   593  	}
   594  	return err
   595  }
   596  
   597  var ioSync int64
   598  
   599  func Seek(fd Handle, offset int64, whence int) (newoffset int64, err error) {
   600  	var w uint32
   601  	switch whence {
   602  	case 0:
   603  		w = FILE_BEGIN
   604  	case 1:
   605  		w = FILE_CURRENT
   606  	case 2:
   607  		w = FILE_END
   608  	}
   609  	hi := int32(offset >> 32)
   610  	lo := int32(offset)
   611  	// use GetFileType to check pipe, pipe can't do seek
   612  	ft, _ := GetFileType(fd)
   613  	if ft == FILE_TYPE_PIPE {
   614  		return 0, syscall.EPIPE
   615  	}
   616  	rlo, e := SetFilePointer(fd, lo, &hi, w)
   617  	if e != nil {
   618  		return 0, e
   619  	}
   620  	return int64(hi)<<32 + int64(rlo), nil
   621  }
   622  
   623  func Close(fd Handle) (err error) {
   624  	return CloseHandle(fd)
   625  }
   626  
   627  var (
   628  	Stdin  = getStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE)
   629  	Stdout = getStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
   630  	Stderr = getStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE)
   631  )
   632  
   633  func getStdHandle(stdhandle uint32) (fd Handle) {
   634  	r, _ := GetStdHandle(stdhandle)
   635  	return r
   636  }
   637  
   638  const ImplementsGetwd = true
   639  
   640  func Getwd() (wd string, err error) {
   641  	b := make([]uint16, 300)
   642  	n, e := GetCurrentDirectory(uint32(len(b)), &b[0])
   643  	if e != nil {
   644  		return "", e
   645  	}
   646  	return string(utf16.Decode(b[0:n])), nil
   647  }
   648  
   649  func Chdir(path string) (err error) {
   650  	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
   651  	if err != nil {
   652  		return err
   653  	}
   654  	return SetCurrentDirectory(pathp)
   655  }
   656  
   657  func Mkdir(path string, mode uint32) (err error) {
   658  	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
   659  	if err != nil {
   660  		return err
   661  	}
   662  	return CreateDirectory(pathp, nil)
   663  }
   664  
   665  func Rmdir(path string) (err error) {
   666  	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
   667  	if err != nil {
   668  		return err
   669  	}
   670  	return RemoveDirectory(pathp)
   671  }
   672  
   673  func Unlink(path string) (err error) {
   674  	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
   675  	if err != nil {
   676  		return err
   677  	}
   678  	return DeleteFile(pathp)
   679  }
   680  
   681  func Rename(oldpath, newpath string) (err error) {
   682  	from, err := UTF16PtrFromString(oldpath)
   683  	if err != nil {
   684  		return err
   685  	}
   686  	to, err := UTF16PtrFromString(newpath)
   687  	if err != nil {
   688  		return err
   689  	}
   690  	return MoveFileEx(from, to, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING)
   691  }
   692  
   693  func ComputerName() (name string, err error) {
   694  	var n uint32 = MAX_COMPUTERNAME_LENGTH + 1
   695  	b := make([]uint16, n)
   696  	e := GetComputerName(&b[0], &n)
   697  	if e != nil {
   698  		return "", e
   699  	}
   700  	return string(utf16.Decode(b[0:n])), nil
   701  }
   702  
   703  func DurationSinceBoot() time.Duration {
   704  	return time.Duration(getTickCount64()) * time.Millisecond
   705  }
   706  
   707  func Ftruncate(fd Handle, length int64) (err error) {
   708  	curoffset, e := Seek(fd, 0, 1)
   709  	if e != nil {
   710  		return e
   711  	}
   712  	defer Seek(fd, curoffset, 0)
   713  	_, e = Seek(fd, length, 0)
   714  	if e != nil {
   715  		return e
   716  	}
   717  	e = SetEndOfFile(fd)
   718  	if e != nil {
   719  		return e
   720  	}
   721  	return nil
   722  }
   723  
   724  func Gettimeofday(tv *Timeval) (err error) {
   725  	var ft Filetime
   726  	GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft)
   727  	*tv = NsecToTimeval(ft.Nanoseconds())
   728  	return nil
   729  }
   730  
   731  func Pipe(p []Handle) (err error) {
   732  	if len(p) != 2 {
   733  		return syscall.EINVAL
   734  	}
   735  	var r, w Handle
   736  	e := CreatePipe(&r, &w, makeInheritSa(), 0)
   737  	if e != nil {
   738  		return e
   739  	}
   740  	p[0] = r
   741  	p[1] = w
   742  	return nil
   743  }
   744  
   745  func Utimes(path string, tv []Timeval) (err error) {
   746  	if len(tv) != 2 {
   747  		return syscall.EINVAL
   748  	}
   749  	pathp, e := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
   750  	if e != nil {
   751  		return e
   752  	}
   753  	h, e := CreateFile(pathp,
   754  		FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, nil,
   755  		OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, 0)
   756  	if e != nil {
   757  		return e
   758  	}
   759  	defer CloseHandle(h)
   760  	a := NsecToFiletime(tv[0].Nanoseconds())
   761  	w := NsecToFiletime(tv[1].Nanoseconds())
   762  	return SetFileTime(h, nil, &a, &w)
   763  }
   764  
   765  func UtimesNano(path string, ts []Timespec) (err error) {
   766  	if len(ts) != 2 {
   767  		return syscall.EINVAL
   768  	}
   769  	pathp, e := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
   770  	if e != nil {
   771  		return e
   772  	}
   773  	h, e := CreateFile(pathp,
   774  		FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, nil,
   775  		OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, 0)
   776  	if e != nil {
   777  		return e
   778  	}
   779  	defer CloseHandle(h)
   780  	a := NsecToFiletime(TimespecToNsec(ts[0]))
   781  	w := NsecToFiletime(TimespecToNsec(ts[1]))
   782  	return SetFileTime(h, nil, &a, &w)
   783  }
   784  
   785  func Fsync(fd Handle) (err error) {
   786  	return FlushFileBuffers(fd)
   787  }
   788  
   789  func Chmod(path string, mode uint32) (err error) {
   790  	p, e := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
   791  	if e != nil {
   792  		return e
   793  	}
   794  	attrs, e := GetFileAttributes(p)
   795  	if e != nil {
   796  		return e
   797  	}
   798  	if mode&S_IWRITE != 0 {
   799  		attrs &^= FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
   800  	} else {
   801  		attrs |= FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
   802  	}
   803  	return SetFileAttributes(p, attrs)
   804  }
   805  
   806  func LoadGetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime() error {
   807  	return procGetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime.Find()
   808  }
   809  
   810  func LoadCancelIoEx() error {
   811  	return procCancelIoEx.Find()
   812  }
   813  
   814  func LoadSetFileCompletionNotificationModes() error {
   815  	return procSetFileCompletionNotificationModes.Find()
   816  }
   817  
   818  func WaitForMultipleObjects(handles []Handle, waitAll bool, waitMilliseconds uint32) (event uint32, err error) {
   819  	// Every other win32 array API takes arguments as "pointer, count", except for this function. So we
   820  	// can't declare it as a usual [] type, because mksyscall will use the opposite order. We therefore
   821  	// trivially stub this ourselves.
   822  
   823  	var handlePtr *Handle
   824  	if len(handles) > 0 {
   825  		handlePtr = &handles[0]
   826  	}
   827  	return waitForMultipleObjects(uint32(len(handles)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(handlePtr)), waitAll, waitMilliseconds)
   828  }
   829  
   830  // net api calls
   831  
   832  const socket_error = uintptr(^uint32(0))
   833  
   834  //sys	WSAStartup(verreq uint32, data *WSAData) (sockerr error) = ws2_32.WSAStartup
   835  //sys	WSACleanup() (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSACleanup
   836  //sys	WSAIoctl(s Handle, iocc uint32, inbuf *byte, cbif uint32, outbuf *byte, cbob uint32, cbbr *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, completionRoutine uintptr) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSAIoctl
   837  //sys	socket(af int32, typ int32, protocol int32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = ws2_32.socket
   838  //sys	sendto(s Handle, buf []byte, flags int32, to unsafe.Pointer, tolen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.sendto
   839  //sys	recvfrom(s Handle, buf []byte, flags int32, from *RawSockaddrAny, fromlen *int32) (n int32, err error) [failretval==-1] = ws2_32.recvfrom
   840  //sys	Setsockopt(s Handle, level int32, optname int32, optval *byte, optlen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.setsockopt
   841  //sys	Getsockopt(s Handle, level int32, optname int32, optval *byte, optlen *int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.getsockopt
   842  //sys	bind(s Handle, name unsafe.Pointer, namelen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.bind
   843  //sys	connect(s Handle, name unsafe.Pointer, namelen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.connect
   844  //sys	getsockname(s Handle, rsa *RawSockaddrAny, addrlen *int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.getsockname
   845  //sys	getpeername(s Handle, rsa *RawSockaddrAny, addrlen *int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.getpeername
   846  //sys	listen(s Handle, backlog int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.listen
   847  //sys	shutdown(s Handle, how int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.shutdown
   848  //sys	Closesocket(s Handle) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.closesocket
   849  //sys	AcceptEx(ls Handle, as Handle, buf *byte, rxdatalen uint32, laddrlen uint32, raddrlen uint32, recvd *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) = mswsock.AcceptEx
   850  //sys	GetAcceptExSockaddrs(buf *byte, rxdatalen uint32, laddrlen uint32, raddrlen uint32, lrsa **RawSockaddrAny, lrsalen *int32, rrsa **RawSockaddrAny, rrsalen *int32) = mswsock.GetAcceptExSockaddrs
   851  //sys	WSARecv(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, recvd *uint32, flags *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSARecv
   852  //sys	WSASend(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSASend
   853  //sys	WSARecvFrom(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, recvd *uint32, flags *uint32,  from *RawSockaddrAny, fromlen *int32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSARecvFrom
   854  //sys	WSASendTo(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, to *RawSockaddrAny, tolen int32,  overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSASendTo
   855  //sys	WSASocket(af int32, typ int32, protocol int32, protoInfo *WSAProtocolInfo, group uint32, flags uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = ws2_32.WSASocketW
   856  //sys	GetHostByName(name string) (h *Hostent, err error) [failretval==nil] = ws2_32.gethostbyname
   857  //sys	GetServByName(name string, proto string) (s *Servent, err error) [failretval==nil] = ws2_32.getservbyname
   858  //sys	Ntohs(netshort uint16) (u uint16) = ws2_32.ntohs
   859  //sys	GetProtoByName(name string) (p *Protoent, err error) [failretval==nil] = ws2_32.getprotobyname
   860  //sys	DnsQuery(name string, qtype uint16, options uint32, extra *byte, qrs **DNSRecord, pr *byte) (status error) = dnsapi.DnsQuery_W
   861  //sys	DnsRecordListFree(rl *DNSRecord, freetype uint32) = dnsapi.DnsRecordListFree
   862  //sys	DnsNameCompare(name1 *uint16, name2 *uint16) (same bool) = dnsapi.DnsNameCompare_W
   863  //sys	GetAddrInfoW(nodename *uint16, servicename *uint16, hints *AddrinfoW, result **AddrinfoW) (sockerr error) = ws2_32.GetAddrInfoW
   864  //sys	FreeAddrInfoW(addrinfo *AddrinfoW) = ws2_32.FreeAddrInfoW
   865  //sys	GetIfEntry(pIfRow *MibIfRow) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetIfEntry
   866  //sys	GetAdaptersInfo(ai *IpAdapterInfo, ol *uint32) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetAdaptersInfo
   867  //sys	SetFileCompletionNotificationModes(handle Handle, flags uint8) (err error) = kernel32.SetFileCompletionNotificationModes
   868  //sys	WSAEnumProtocols(protocols *int32, protocolBuffer *WSAProtocolInfo, bufferLength *uint32) (n int32, err error) [failretval==-1] = ws2_32.WSAEnumProtocolsW
   869  //sys	WSAGetOverlappedResult(h Handle, o *Overlapped, bytes *uint32, wait bool, flags *uint32) (err error) = ws2_32.WSAGetOverlappedResult
   870  //sys	GetAdaptersAddresses(family uint32, flags uint32, reserved uintptr, adapterAddresses *IpAdapterAddresses, sizePointer *uint32) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetAdaptersAddresses
   871  //sys	GetACP() (acp uint32) = kernel32.GetACP
   872  //sys	MultiByteToWideChar(codePage uint32, dwFlags uint32, str *byte, nstr int32, wchar *uint16, nwchar int32) (nwrite int32, err error) = kernel32.MultiByteToWideChar
   873  //sys	getBestInterfaceEx(sockaddr unsafe.Pointer, pdwBestIfIndex *uint32) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetBestInterfaceEx
   874  
   875  // For testing: clients can set this flag to force
   876  // creation of IPv6 sockets to return EAFNOSUPPORT.
   877  var SocketDisableIPv6 bool
   878  
   879  type RawSockaddrInet4 struct {
   880  	Family uint16
   881  	Port   uint16
   882  	Addr   [4]byte /* in_addr */
   883  	Zero   [8]uint8
   884  }
   885  
   886  type RawSockaddrInet6 struct {
   887  	Family   uint16
   888  	Port     uint16
   889  	Flowinfo uint32
   890  	Addr     [16]byte /* in6_addr */
   891  	Scope_id uint32
   892  }
   893  
   894  type RawSockaddr struct {
   895  	Family uint16
   896  	Data   [14]int8
   897  }
   898  
   899  type RawSockaddrAny struct {
   900  	Addr RawSockaddr
   901  	Pad  [100]int8
   902  }
   903  
   904  type Sockaddr interface {
   905  	sockaddr() (ptr unsafe.Pointer, len int32, err error) // lowercase; only we can define Sockaddrs
   906  }
   907  
   908  type SockaddrInet4 struct {
   909  	Port int
   910  	Addr [4]byte
   911  	raw  RawSockaddrInet4
   912  }
   913  
   914  func (sa *SockaddrInet4) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
   915  	if sa.Port < 0 || sa.Port > 0xFFFF {
   916  		return nil, 0, syscall.EINVAL
   917  	}
   918  	sa.raw.Family = AF_INET
   919  	p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw.Port))
   920  	p[0] = byte(sa.Port >> 8)
   921  	p[1] = byte(sa.Port)
   922  	sa.raw.Addr = sa.Addr
   923  	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa.raw)), nil
   924  }
   925  
   926  type SockaddrInet6 struct {
   927  	Port   int
   928  	ZoneId uint32
   929  	Addr   [16]byte
   930  	raw    RawSockaddrInet6
   931  }
   932  
   933  func (sa *SockaddrInet6) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
   934  	if sa.Port < 0 || sa.Port > 0xFFFF {
   935  		return nil, 0, syscall.EINVAL
   936  	}
   937  	sa.raw.Family = AF_INET6
   938  	p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw.Port))
   939  	p[0] = byte(sa.Port >> 8)
   940  	p[1] = byte(sa.Port)
   941  	sa.raw.Scope_id = sa.ZoneId
   942  	sa.raw.Addr = sa.Addr
   943  	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa.raw)), nil
   944  }
   945  
   946  type RawSockaddrUnix struct {
   947  	Family uint16
   948  	Path   [UNIX_PATH_MAX]int8
   949  }
   950  
   951  type SockaddrUnix struct {
   952  	Name string
   953  	raw  RawSockaddrUnix
   954  }
   955  
   956  func (sa *SockaddrUnix) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
   957  	name := sa.Name
   958  	n := len(name)
   959  	if n > len(sa.raw.Path) {
   960  		return nil, 0, syscall.EINVAL
   961  	}
   962  	if n == len(sa.raw.Path) && name[0] != '@' {
   963  		return nil, 0, syscall.EINVAL
   964  	}
   965  	sa.raw.Family = AF_UNIX
   966  	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
   967  		sa.raw.Path[i] = int8(name[i])
   968  	}
   969  	// length is family (uint16), name, NUL.
   970  	sl := int32(2)
   971  	if n > 0 {
   972  		sl += int32(n) + 1
   973  	}
   974  	if sa.raw.Path[0] == '@' {
   975  		sa.raw.Path[0] = 0
   976  		// Don't count trailing NUL for abstract address.
   977  		sl--
   978  	}
   979  
   980  	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), sl, nil
   981  }
   982  
   983  type RawSockaddrBth struct {
   984  	AddressFamily  [2]byte
   985  	BtAddr         [8]byte
   986  	ServiceClassId [16]byte
   987  	Port           [4]byte
   988  }
   989  
   990  type SockaddrBth struct {
   991  	BtAddr         uint64
   992  	ServiceClassId GUID
   993  	Port           uint32
   994  
   995  	raw RawSockaddrBth
   996  }
   997  
   998  func (sa *SockaddrBth) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
   999  	family := AF_BTH
  1000  	sa.raw = RawSockaddrBth{
  1001  		AddressFamily:  *(*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&family)),
  1002  		BtAddr:         *(*[8]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.BtAddr)),
  1003  		Port:           *(*[4]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.Port)),
  1004  		ServiceClassId: *(*[16]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.ServiceClassId)),
  1005  	}
  1006  	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa.raw)), nil
  1007  }
  1008  
  1009  func (rsa *RawSockaddrAny) Sockaddr() (Sockaddr, error) {
  1010  	switch rsa.Addr.Family {
  1011  	case AF_UNIX:
  1012  		pp := (*RawSockaddrUnix)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa))
  1013  		sa := new(SockaddrUnix)
  1014  		if pp.Path[0] == 0 {
  1015  			// "Abstract" Unix domain socket.
  1016  			// Rewrite leading NUL as @ for textual display.
  1017  			// (This is the standard convention.)
  1018  			// Not friendly to overwrite in place,
  1019  			// but the callers below don't care.
  1020  			pp.Path[0] = '@'
  1021  		}
  1022  
  1023  		// Assume path ends at NUL.
  1024  		// This is not technically the Linux semantics for
  1025  		// abstract Unix domain sockets--they are supposed
  1026  		// to be uninterpreted fixed-size binary blobs--but
  1027  		// everyone uses this convention.
  1028  		n := 0
  1029  		for n < len(pp.Path) && pp.Path[n] != 0 {
  1030  			n++
  1031  		}
  1032  		bytes := (*[len(pp.Path)]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&pp.Path[0]))[0:n]
  1033  		sa.Name = string(bytes)
  1034  		return sa, nil
  1035  
  1036  	case AF_INET:
  1037  		pp := (*RawSockaddrInet4)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa))
  1038  		sa := new(SockaddrInet4)
  1039  		p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&pp.Port))
  1040  		sa.Port = int(p[0])<<8 + int(p[1])
  1041  		sa.Addr = pp.Addr
  1042  		return sa, nil
  1043  
  1044  	case AF_INET6:
  1045  		pp := (*RawSockaddrInet6)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa))
  1046  		sa := new(SockaddrInet6)
  1047  		p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&pp.Port))
  1048  		sa.Port = int(p[0])<<8 + int(p[1])
  1049  		sa.ZoneId = pp.Scope_id
  1050  		sa.Addr = pp.Addr
  1051  		return sa, nil
  1052  	}
  1053  	return nil, syscall.EAFNOSUPPORT
  1054  }
  1055  
  1056  func Socket(domain, typ, proto int) (fd Handle, err error) {
  1057  	if domain == AF_INET6 && SocketDisableIPv6 {
  1058  		return InvalidHandle, syscall.EAFNOSUPPORT
  1059  	}
  1060  	return socket(int32(domain), int32(typ), int32(proto))
  1061  }
  1062  
  1063  func SetsockoptInt(fd Handle, level, opt int, value int) (err error) {
  1064  	v := int32(value)
  1065  	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&v)), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(v)))
  1066  }
  1067  
  1068  func Bind(fd Handle, sa Sockaddr) (err error) {
  1069  	ptr, n, err := sa.sockaddr()
  1070  	if err != nil {
  1071  		return err
  1072  	}
  1073  	return bind(fd, ptr, n)
  1074  }
  1075  
  1076  func Connect(fd Handle, sa Sockaddr) (err error) {
  1077  	ptr, n, err := sa.sockaddr()
  1078  	if err != nil {
  1079  		return err
  1080  	}
  1081  	return connect(fd, ptr, n)
  1082  }
  1083  
  1084  func GetBestInterfaceEx(sa Sockaddr, pdwBestIfIndex *uint32) (err error) {
  1085  	ptr, _, err := sa.sockaddr()
  1086  	if err != nil {
  1087  		return err
  1088  	}
  1089  	return getBestInterfaceEx(ptr, pdwBestIfIndex)
  1090  }
  1091  
  1092  func Getsockname(fd Handle) (sa Sockaddr, err error) {
  1093  	var rsa RawSockaddrAny
  1094  	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(rsa))
  1095  	if err = getsockname(fd, &rsa, &l); err != nil {
  1096  		return
  1097  	}
  1098  	return rsa.Sockaddr()
  1099  }
  1100  
  1101  func Getpeername(fd Handle) (sa Sockaddr, err error) {
  1102  	var rsa RawSockaddrAny
  1103  	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(rsa))
  1104  	if err = getpeername(fd, &rsa, &l); err != nil {
  1105  		return
  1106  	}
  1107  	return rsa.Sockaddr()
  1108  }
  1109  
  1110  func Listen(s Handle, n int) (err error) {
  1111  	return listen(s, int32(n))
  1112  }
  1113  
  1114  func Shutdown(fd Handle, how int) (err error) {
  1115  	return shutdown(fd, int32(how))
  1116  }
  1117  
  1118  func WSASendto(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, to Sockaddr, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) {
  1119  	var rsa unsafe.Pointer
  1120  	var l int32
  1121  	if to != nil {
  1122  		rsa, l, err = to.sockaddr()
  1123  		if err != nil {
  1124  			return err
  1125  		}
  1126  	}
  1127  	return WSASendTo(s, bufs, bufcnt, sent, flags, (*RawSockaddrAny)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa)), l, overlapped, croutine)
  1128  }
  1129  
  1130  func LoadGetAddrInfo() error {
  1131  	return procGetAddrInfoW.Find()
  1132  }
  1133  
  1134  var connectExFunc struct {
  1135  	once sync.Once
  1136  	addr uintptr
  1137  	err  error
  1138  }
  1139  
  1140  func LoadConnectEx() error {
  1141  	connectExFunc.once.Do(func() {
  1142  		var s Handle
  1143  		s, connectExFunc.err = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)
  1144  		if connectExFunc.err != nil {
  1145  			return
  1146  		}
  1147  		defer CloseHandle(s)
  1148  		var n uint32
  1149  		connectExFunc.err = WSAIoctl(s,
  1150  			SIO_GET_EXTENSION_FUNCTION_POINTER,
  1151  			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&WSAID_CONNECTEX)),
  1152  			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(WSAID_CONNECTEX)),
  1153  			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&connectExFunc.addr)),
  1154  			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(connectExFunc.addr)),
  1155  			&n, nil, 0)
  1156  	})
  1157  	return connectExFunc.err
  1158  }
  1159  
  1160  func connectEx(s Handle, name unsafe.Pointer, namelen int32, sendBuf *byte, sendDataLen uint32, bytesSent *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) {
  1161  	r1, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall9(connectExFunc.addr, 7, uintptr(s), uintptr(name), uintptr(namelen), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(sendBuf)), uintptr(sendDataLen), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(bytesSent)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)), 0, 0)
  1162  	if r1 == 0 {
  1163  		if e1 != 0 {
  1164  			err = error(e1)
  1165  		} else {
  1166  			err = syscall.EINVAL
  1167  		}
  1168  	}
  1169  	return
  1170  }
  1171  
  1172  func ConnectEx(fd Handle, sa Sockaddr, sendBuf *byte, sendDataLen uint32, bytesSent *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) error {
  1173  	err := LoadConnectEx()
  1174  	if err != nil {
  1175  		return errorspkg.New("failed to find ConnectEx: " + err.Error())
  1176  	}
  1177  	ptr, n, err := sa.sockaddr()
  1178  	if err != nil {
  1179  		return err
  1180  	}
  1181  	return connectEx(fd, ptr, n, sendBuf, sendDataLen, bytesSent, overlapped)
  1182  }
  1183  
  1184  var sendRecvMsgFunc struct {
  1185  	once     sync.Once
  1186  	sendAddr uintptr
  1187  	recvAddr uintptr
  1188  	err      error
  1189  }
  1190  
  1191  func loadWSASendRecvMsg() error {
  1192  	sendRecvMsgFunc.once.Do(func() {
  1193  		var s Handle
  1194  		s, sendRecvMsgFunc.err = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP)
  1195  		if sendRecvMsgFunc.err != nil {
  1196  			return
  1197  		}
  1198  		defer CloseHandle(s)
  1199  		var n uint32
  1200  		sendRecvMsgFunc.err = WSAIoctl(s,
  1201  			SIO_GET_EXTENSION_FUNCTION_POINTER,
  1202  			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&WSAID_WSARECVMSG)),
  1203  			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(WSAID_WSARECVMSG)),
  1204  			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sendRecvMsgFunc.recvAddr)),
  1205  			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(sendRecvMsgFunc.recvAddr)),
  1206  			&n, nil, 0)
  1207  		if sendRecvMsgFunc.err != nil {
  1208  			return
  1209  		}
  1210  		sendRecvMsgFunc.err = WSAIoctl(s,
  1211  			SIO_GET_EXTENSION_FUNCTION_POINTER,
  1212  			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&WSAID_WSASENDMSG)),
  1213  			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(WSAID_WSASENDMSG)),
  1214  			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sendRecvMsgFunc.sendAddr)),
  1215  			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(sendRecvMsgFunc.sendAddr)),
  1216  			&n, nil, 0)
  1217  	})
  1218  	return sendRecvMsgFunc.err
  1219  }
  1220  
  1221  func WSASendMsg(fd Handle, msg *WSAMsg, flags uint32, bytesSent *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) error {
  1222  	err := loadWSASendRecvMsg()
  1223  	if err != nil {
  1224  		return err
  1225  	}
  1226  	r1, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall6(sendRecvMsgFunc.sendAddr, 6, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(msg)), uintptr(flags), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(bytesSent)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(croutine)))
  1227  	if r1 == socket_error {
  1228  		err = errnoErr(e1)
  1229  	}
  1230  	return err
  1231  }
  1232  
  1233  func WSARecvMsg(fd Handle, msg *WSAMsg, bytesReceived *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) error {
  1234  	err := loadWSASendRecvMsg()
  1235  	if err != nil {
  1236  		return err
  1237  	}
  1238  	r1, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall6(sendRecvMsgFunc.recvAddr, 5, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(msg)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(bytesReceived)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(croutine)), 0)
  1239  	if r1 == socket_error {
  1240  		err = errnoErr(e1)
  1241  	}
  1242  	return err
  1243  }
  1244  
  1245  // Invented structures to support what package os expects.
  1246  type Rusage struct {
  1247  	CreationTime Filetime
  1248  	ExitTime     Filetime
  1249  	KernelTime   Filetime
  1250  	UserTime     Filetime
  1251  }
  1252  
  1253  type WaitStatus struct {
  1254  	ExitCode uint32
  1255  }
  1256  
  1257  func (w WaitStatus) Exited() bool { return true }
  1258  
  1259  func (w WaitStatus) ExitStatus() int { return int(w.ExitCode) }
  1260  
  1261  func (w WaitStatus) Signal() Signal { return -1 }
  1262  
  1263  func (w WaitStatus) CoreDump() bool { return false }
  1264  
  1265  func (w WaitStatus) Stopped() bool { return false }
  1266  
  1267  func (w WaitStatus) Continued() bool { return false }
  1268  
  1269  func (w WaitStatus) StopSignal() Signal { return -1 }
  1270  
  1271  func (w WaitStatus) Signaled() bool { return false }
  1272  
  1273  func (w WaitStatus) TrapCause() int { return -1 }
  1274  
  1275  // Timespec is an invented structure on Windows, but here for
  1276  // consistency with the corresponding package for other operating systems.
  1277  type Timespec struct {
  1278  	Sec  int64
  1279  	Nsec int64
  1280  }
  1281  
  1282  func TimespecToNsec(ts Timespec) int64 { return int64(ts.Sec)*1e9 + int64(ts.Nsec) }
  1283  
  1284  func NsecToTimespec(nsec int64) (ts Timespec) {
  1285  	ts.Sec = nsec / 1e9
  1286  	ts.Nsec = nsec % 1e9
  1287  	return
  1288  }
  1289  
  1290  // TODO(brainman): fix all needed for net
  1291  
  1292  func Accept(fd Handle) (nfd Handle, sa Sockaddr, err error) { return 0, nil, syscall.EWINDOWS }
  1293  
  1294  func Recvfrom(fd Handle, p []byte, flags int) (n int, from Sockaddr, err error) {
  1295  	var rsa RawSockaddrAny
  1296  	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(rsa))
  1297  	n32, err := recvfrom(fd, p, int32(flags), &rsa, &l)
  1298  	n = int(n32)
  1299  	if err != nil {
  1300  		return
  1301  	}
  1302  	from, err = rsa.Sockaddr()
  1303  	return
  1304  }
  1305  
  1306  func Sendto(fd Handle, p []byte, flags int, to Sockaddr) (err error) {
  1307  	ptr, l, err := to.sockaddr()
  1308  	if err != nil {
  1309  		return err
  1310  	}
  1311  	return sendto(fd, p, int32(flags), ptr, l)
  1312  }
  1313  
  1314  func SetsockoptTimeval(fd Handle, level, opt int, tv *Timeval) (err error) { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
  1315  
  1316  // The Linger struct is wrong but we only noticed after Go 1.
  1317  // sysLinger is the real system call structure.
  1318  
  1319  // BUG(brainman): The definition of Linger is not appropriate for direct use
  1320  // with Setsockopt and Getsockopt.
  1321  // Use SetsockoptLinger instead.
  1322  
  1323  type Linger struct {
  1324  	Onoff  int32
  1325  	Linger int32
  1326  }
  1327  
  1328  type sysLinger struct {
  1329  	Onoff  uint16
  1330  	Linger uint16
  1331  }
  1332  
  1333  type IPMreq struct {
  1334  	Multiaddr [4]byte /* in_addr */
  1335  	Interface [4]byte /* in_addr */
  1336  }
  1337  
  1338  type IPv6Mreq struct {
  1339  	Multiaddr [16]byte /* in6_addr */
  1340  	Interface uint32
  1341  }
  1342  
  1343  func GetsockoptInt(fd Handle, level, opt int) (int, error) {
  1344  	v := int32(0)
  1345  	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(v))
  1346  	err := Getsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&v)), &l)
  1347  	return int(v), err
  1348  }
  1349  
  1350  func SetsockoptLinger(fd Handle, level, opt int, l *Linger) (err error) {
  1351  	sys := sysLinger{Onoff: uint16(l.Onoff), Linger: uint16(l.Linger)}
  1352  	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sys)), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sys)))
  1353  }
  1354  
  1355  func SetsockoptInet4Addr(fd Handle, level, opt int, value [4]byte) (err error) {
  1356  	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&value[0])), 4)
  1357  }
  1358  func SetsockoptIPMreq(fd Handle, level, opt int, mreq *IPMreq) (err error) {
  1359  	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(mreq)), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(*mreq)))
  1360  }
  1361  func SetsockoptIPv6Mreq(fd Handle, level, opt int, mreq *IPv6Mreq) (err error) {
  1362  	return syscall.EWINDOWS
  1363  }
  1364  
  1365  func Getpid() (pid int) { return int(GetCurrentProcessId()) }
  1366  
  1367  func FindFirstFile(name *uint16, data *Win32finddata) (handle Handle, err error) {
  1368  	// NOTE(rsc): The Win32finddata struct is wrong for the system call:
  1369  	// the two paths are each one uint16 short. Use the correct struct,
  1370  	// a win32finddata1, and then copy the results out.
  1371  	// There is no loss of expressivity here, because the final
  1372  	// uint16, if it is used, is supposed to be a NUL, and Go doesn't need that.
  1373  	// For Go 1.1, we might avoid the allocation of win32finddata1 here
  1374  	// by adding a final Bug [2]uint16 field to the struct and then
  1375  	// adjusting the fields in the result directly.
  1376  	var data1 win32finddata1
  1377  	handle, err = findFirstFile1(name, &data1)
  1378  	if err == nil {
  1379  		copyFindData(data, &data1)
  1380  	}
  1381  	return
  1382  }
  1383  
  1384  func FindNextFile(handle Handle, data *Win32finddata) (err error) {
  1385  	var data1 win32finddata1
  1386  	err = findNextFile1(handle, &data1)
  1387  	if err == nil {
  1388  		copyFindData(data, &data1)
  1389  	}
  1390  	return
  1391  }
  1392  
  1393  func getProcessEntry(pid int) (*ProcessEntry32, error) {
  1394  	snapshot, err := CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0)
  1395  	if err != nil {
  1396  		return nil, err
  1397  	}
  1398  	defer CloseHandle(snapshot)
  1399  	var procEntry ProcessEntry32
  1400  	procEntry.Size = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(procEntry))
  1401  	if err = Process32First(snapshot, &procEntry); err != nil {
  1402  		return nil, err
  1403  	}
  1404  	for {
  1405  		if procEntry.ProcessID == uint32(pid) {
  1406  			return &procEntry, nil
  1407  		}
  1408  		err = Process32Next(snapshot, &procEntry)
  1409  		if err != nil {
  1410  			return nil, err
  1411  		}
  1412  	}
  1413  }
  1414  
  1415  func Getppid() (ppid int) {
  1416  	pe, err := getProcessEntry(Getpid())
  1417  	if err != nil {
  1418  		return -1
  1419  	}
  1420  	return int(pe.ParentProcessID)
  1421  }
  1422  
  1423  // TODO(brainman): fix all needed for os
  1424  func Fchdir(fd Handle) (err error)             { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
  1425  func Link(oldpath, newpath string) (err error) { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
  1426  func Symlink(path, link string) (err error)    { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
  1427  
  1428  func Fchmod(fd Handle, mode uint32) (err error)        { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
  1429  func Chown(path string, uid int, gid int) (err error)  { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
  1430  func Lchown(path string, uid int, gid int) (err error) { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
  1431  func Fchown(fd Handle, uid int, gid int) (err error)   { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
  1432  
  1433  func Getuid() (uid int)                  { return -1 }
  1434  func Geteuid() (euid int)                { return -1 }
  1435  func Getgid() (gid int)                  { return -1 }
  1436  func Getegid() (egid int)                { return -1 }
  1437  func Getgroups() (gids []int, err error) { return nil, syscall.EWINDOWS }
  1438  
  1439  type Signal int
  1440  
  1441  func (s Signal) Signal() {}
  1442  
  1443  func (s Signal) String() string {
  1444  	if 0 <= s && int(s) < len(signals) {
  1445  		str := signals[s]
  1446  		if str != "" {
  1447  			return str
  1448  		}
  1449  	}
  1450  	return "signal " + itoa(int(s))
  1451  }
  1452  
  1453  func LoadCreateSymbolicLink() error {
  1454  	return procCreateSymbolicLinkW.Find()
  1455  }
  1456  
  1457  // Readlink returns the destination of the named symbolic link.
  1458  func Readlink(path string, buf []byte) (n int, err error) {
  1459  	fd, err := CreateFile(StringToUTF16Ptr(path), GENERIC_READ, 0, nil, OPEN_EXISTING,
  1460  		FILE_FLAG_OPEN_REPARSE_POINT|FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, 0)
  1461  	if err != nil {
  1462  		return -1, err
  1463  	}
  1464  	defer CloseHandle(fd)
  1465  
  1466  	rdbbuf := make([]byte, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE)
  1467  	var bytesReturned uint32
  1468  	err = DeviceIoControl(fd, FSCTL_GET_REPARSE_POINT, nil, 0, &rdbbuf[0], uint32(len(rdbbuf)), &bytesReturned, nil)
  1469  	if err != nil {
  1470  		return -1, err
  1471  	}
  1472  
  1473  	rdb := (*reparseDataBuffer)(unsafe.Pointer(&rdbbuf[0]))
  1474  	var s string
  1475  	switch rdb.ReparseTag {
  1476  	case IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK:
  1477  		data := (*symbolicLinkReparseBuffer)(unsafe.Pointer(&rdb.reparseBuffer))
  1478  		p := (*[0xffff]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(&data.PathBuffer[0]))
  1479  		s = UTF16ToString(p[data.PrintNameOffset/2 : (data.PrintNameLength-data.PrintNameOffset)/2])
  1480  	case IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT:
  1481  		data := (*mountPointReparseBuffer)(unsafe.Pointer(&rdb.reparseBuffer))
  1482  		p := (*[0xffff]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(&data.PathBuffer[0]))
  1483  		s = UTF16ToString(p[data.PrintNameOffset/2 : (data.PrintNameLength-data.PrintNameOffset)/2])
  1484  	default:
  1485  		// the path is not a symlink or junction but another type of reparse
  1486  		// point
  1487  		return -1, syscall.ENOENT
  1488  	}
  1489  	n = copy(buf, []byte(s))
  1490  
  1491  	return n, nil
  1492  }
  1493  
  1494  // GUIDFromString parses a string in the form of
  1495  // "{XXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX}" into a GUID.
  1496  func GUIDFromString(str string) (GUID, error) {
  1497  	guid := GUID{}
  1498  	str16, err := syscall.UTF16PtrFromString(str)
  1499  	if err != nil {
  1500  		return guid, err
  1501  	}
  1502  	err = clsidFromString(str16, &guid)
  1503  	if err != nil {
  1504  		return guid, err
  1505  	}
  1506  	return guid, nil
  1507  }
  1508  
  1509  // GenerateGUID creates a new random GUID.
  1510  func GenerateGUID() (GUID, error) {
  1511  	guid := GUID{}
  1512  	err := coCreateGuid(&guid)
  1513  	if err != nil {
  1514  		return guid, err
  1515  	}
  1516  	return guid, nil
  1517  }
  1518  
  1519  // String returns the canonical string form of the GUID,
  1520  // in the form of "{XXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX}".
  1521  func (guid GUID) String() string {
  1522  	var str [100]uint16
  1523  	chars := stringFromGUID2(&guid, &str[0], int32(len(str)))
  1524  	if chars <= 1 {
  1525  		return ""
  1526  	}
  1527  	return string(utf16.Decode(str[:chars-1]))
  1528  }
  1529  
  1530  // KnownFolderPath returns a well-known folder path for the current user, specified by one of
  1531  // the FOLDERID_ constants, and chosen and optionally created based on a KF_ flag.
  1532  func KnownFolderPath(folderID *KNOWNFOLDERID, flags uint32) (string, error) {
  1533  	return Token(0).KnownFolderPath(folderID, flags)
  1534  }
  1535  
  1536  // KnownFolderPath returns a well-known folder path for the user token, specified by one of
  1537  // the FOLDERID_ constants, and chosen and optionally created based on a KF_ flag.
  1538  func (t Token) KnownFolderPath(folderID *KNOWNFOLDERID, flags uint32) (string, error) {
  1539  	var p *uint16
  1540  	err := shGetKnownFolderPath(folderID, flags, t, &p)
  1541  	if err != nil {
  1542  		return "", err
  1543  	}
  1544  	defer CoTaskMemFree(unsafe.Pointer(p))
  1545  	return UTF16PtrToString(p), nil
  1546  }
  1547  
  1548  // RtlGetVersion returns the version of the underlying operating system, ignoring
  1549  // manifest semantics but is affected by the application compatibility layer.
  1550  func RtlGetVersion() *OsVersionInfoEx {
  1551  	info := &OsVersionInfoEx{}
  1552  	info.osVersionInfoSize = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(*info))
  1553  	// According to documentation, this function always succeeds.
  1554  	// The function doesn't even check the validity of the
  1555  	// osVersionInfoSize member. Disassembling ntdll.dll indicates
  1556  	// that the documentation is indeed correct about that.
  1557  	_ = rtlGetVersion(info)
  1558  	return info
  1559  }
  1560  
  1561  // RtlGetNtVersionNumbers returns the version of the underlying operating system,
  1562  // ignoring manifest semantics and the application compatibility layer.
  1563  func RtlGetNtVersionNumbers() (majorVersion, minorVersion, buildNumber uint32) {
  1564  	rtlGetNtVersionNumbers(&majorVersion, &minorVersion, &buildNumber)
  1565  	buildNumber &= 0xffff
  1566  	return
  1567  }
  1568  
  1569  // GetProcessPreferredUILanguages retrieves the process preferred UI languages.
  1570  func GetProcessPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32) ([]string, error) {
  1571  	return getUILanguages(flags, getProcessPreferredUILanguages)
  1572  }
  1573  
  1574  // GetThreadPreferredUILanguages retrieves the thread preferred UI languages for the current thread.
  1575  func GetThreadPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32) ([]string, error) {
  1576  	return getUILanguages(flags, getThreadPreferredUILanguages)
  1577  }
  1578  
  1579  // GetUserPreferredUILanguages retrieves information about the user preferred UI languages.
  1580  func GetUserPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32) ([]string, error) {
  1581  	return getUILanguages(flags, getUserPreferredUILanguages)
  1582  }
  1583  
  1584  // GetSystemPreferredUILanguages retrieves the system preferred UI languages.
  1585  func GetSystemPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32) ([]string, error) {
  1586  	return getUILanguages(flags, getSystemPreferredUILanguages)
  1587  }
  1588  
  1589  func getUILanguages(flags uint32, f func(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) error) ([]string, error) {
  1590  	size := uint32(128)
  1591  	for {
  1592  		var numLanguages uint32
  1593  		buf := make([]uint16, size)
  1594  		err := f(flags, &numLanguages, &buf[0], &size)
  1595  		if err == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER {
  1596  			continue
  1597  		}
  1598  		if err != nil {
  1599  			return nil, err
  1600  		}
  1601  		buf = buf[:size]
  1602  		if numLanguages == 0 || len(buf) == 0 { // GetProcessPreferredUILanguages may return numLanguages==0 with "\0\0"
  1603  			return []string{}, nil
  1604  		}
  1605  		if buf[len(buf)-1] == 0 {
  1606  			buf = buf[:len(buf)-1] // remove terminating null
  1607  		}
  1608  		languages := make([]string, 0, numLanguages)
  1609  		from := 0
  1610  		for i, c := range buf {
  1611  			if c == 0 {
  1612  				languages = append(languages, string(utf16.Decode(buf[from:i])))
  1613  				from = i + 1
  1614  			}
  1615  		}
  1616  		return languages, nil
  1617  	}
  1618  }
  1619  
  1620  func SetConsoleCursorPosition(console Handle, position Coord) error {
  1621  	return setConsoleCursorPosition(console, *((*uint32)(unsafe.Pointer(&position))))
  1622  }
  1623  
  1624  func (s NTStatus) Errno() syscall.Errno {
  1625  	return rtlNtStatusToDosErrorNoTeb(s)
  1626  }
  1627  
  1628  func langID(pri, sub uint16) uint32 { return uint32(sub)<<10 | uint32(pri) }
  1629  
  1630  func (s NTStatus) Error() string {
  1631  	b := make([]uint16, 300)
  1632  	n, err := FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM|FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_HMODULE|FORMAT_MESSAGE_ARGUMENT_ARRAY, modntdll.Handle(), uint32(s), langID(LANG_ENGLISH, SUBLANG_ENGLISH_US), b, nil)
  1633  	if err != nil {
  1634  		return fmt.Sprintf("NTSTATUS 0x%08x", uint32(s))
  1635  	}
  1636  	// trim terminating \r and \n
  1637  	for ; n > 0 && (b[n-1] == '\n' || b[n-1] == '\r'); n-- {
  1638  	}
  1639  	return string(utf16.Decode(b[:n]))
  1640  }
  1641  
  1642  // NewNTUnicodeString returns a new NTUnicodeString structure for use with native
  1643  // NT APIs that work over the NTUnicodeString type. Note that most Windows APIs
  1644  // do not use NTUnicodeString, and instead UTF16PtrFromString should be used for
  1645  // the more common *uint16 string type.
  1646  func NewNTUnicodeString(s string) (*NTUnicodeString, error) {
  1647  	var u NTUnicodeString
  1648  	s16, err := UTF16PtrFromString(s)
  1649  	if err != nil {
  1650  		return nil, err
  1651  	}
  1652  	RtlInitUnicodeString(&u, s16)
  1653  	return &u, nil
  1654  }
  1655  
  1656  // Slice returns a uint16 slice that aliases the data in the NTUnicodeString.
  1657  func (s *NTUnicodeString) Slice() []uint16 {
  1658  	var slice []uint16
  1659  	hdr := (*unsafeheader.Slice)(unsafe.Pointer(&slice))
  1660  	hdr.Data = unsafe.Pointer(s.Buffer)
  1661  	hdr.Len = int(s.Length)
  1662  	hdr.Cap = int(s.MaximumLength)
  1663  	return slice
  1664  }
  1665  
  1666  func (s *NTUnicodeString) String() string {
  1667  	return UTF16ToString(s.Slice())
  1668  }
  1669  
  1670  // NewNTString returns a new NTString structure for use with native
  1671  // NT APIs that work over the NTString type. Note that most Windows APIs
  1672  // do not use NTString, and instead UTF16PtrFromString should be used for
  1673  // the more common *uint16 string type.
  1674  func NewNTString(s string) (*NTString, error) {
  1675  	var nts NTString
  1676  	s8, err := BytePtrFromString(s)
  1677  	if err != nil {
  1678  		return nil, err
  1679  	}
  1680  	RtlInitString(&nts, s8)
  1681  	return &nts, nil
  1682  }
  1683  
  1684  // Slice returns a byte slice that aliases the data in the NTString.
  1685  func (s *NTString) Slice() []byte {
  1686  	var slice []byte
  1687  	hdr := (*unsafeheader.Slice)(unsafe.Pointer(&slice))
  1688  	hdr.Data = unsafe.Pointer(s.Buffer)
  1689  	hdr.Len = int(s.Length)
  1690  	hdr.Cap = int(s.MaximumLength)
  1691  	return slice
  1692  }
  1693  
  1694  func (s *NTString) String() string {
  1695  	return ByteSliceToString(s.Slice())
  1696  }
  1697  
  1698  // FindResource resolves a resource of the given name and resource type.
  1699  func FindResource(module Handle, name, resType ResourceIDOrString) (Handle, error) {
  1700  	var namePtr, resTypePtr uintptr
  1701  	var name16, resType16 *uint16
  1702  	var err error
  1703  	resolvePtr := func(i interface{}, keep **uint16) (uintptr, error) {
  1704  		switch v := i.(type) {
  1705  		case string:
  1706  			*keep, err = UTF16PtrFromString(v)
  1707  			if err != nil {
  1708  				return 0, err
  1709  			}
  1710  			return uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(*keep)), nil
  1711  		case ResourceID:
  1712  			return uintptr(v), nil
  1713  		}
  1714  		return 0, errorspkg.New("parameter must be a ResourceID or a string")
  1715  	}
  1716  	namePtr, err = resolvePtr(name, &name16)
  1717  	if err != nil {
  1718  		return 0, err
  1719  	}
  1720  	resTypePtr, err = resolvePtr(resType, &resType16)
  1721  	if err != nil {
  1722  		return 0, err
  1723  	}
  1724  	resInfo, err := findResource(module, namePtr, resTypePtr)
  1725  	runtime.KeepAlive(name16)
  1726  	runtime.KeepAlive(resType16)
  1727  	return resInfo, err
  1728  }
  1729  
  1730  func LoadResourceData(module, resInfo Handle) (data []byte, err error) {
  1731  	size, err := SizeofResource(module, resInfo)
  1732  	if err != nil {
  1733  		return
  1734  	}
  1735  	resData, err := LoadResource(module, resInfo)
  1736  	if err != nil {
  1737  		return
  1738  	}
  1739  	ptr, err := LockResource(resData)
  1740  	if err != nil {
  1741  		return
  1742  	}
  1743  	h := (*unsafeheader.Slice)(unsafe.Pointer(&data))
  1744  	h.Data = unsafe.Pointer(ptr)
  1745  	h.Len = int(size)
  1746  	h.Cap = int(size)
  1747  	return
  1748  }
  1749  
  1750  // PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK contains extended working set information for a page.
  1751  type PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK uint64
  1752  
  1753  // Valid returns the validity of this page.
  1754  // If this bit is 1, the subsequent members are valid; otherwise they should be ignored.
  1755  func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Valid() bool {
  1756  	return (b & 1) == 1
  1757  }
  1758  
  1759  // ShareCount is the number of processes that share this page. The maximum value of this member is 7.
  1760  func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) ShareCount() uint64 {
  1761  	return b.intField(1, 3)
  1762  }
  1763  
  1764  // Win32Protection is the memory protection attributes of the page. For a list of values, see
  1765  // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/memory/memory-protection-constants
  1766  func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Win32Protection() uint64 {
  1767  	return b.intField(4, 11)
  1768  }
  1769  
  1770  // Shared returns the shared status of this page.
  1771  // If this bit is 1, the page can be shared.
  1772  func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Shared() bool {
  1773  	return (b & (1 << 15)) == 1
  1774  }
  1775  
  1776  // Node is the NUMA node. The maximum value of this member is 63.
  1777  func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Node() uint64 {
  1778  	return b.intField(16, 6)
  1779  }
  1780  
  1781  // Locked returns the locked status of this page.
  1782  // If this bit is 1, the virtual page is locked in physical memory.
  1783  func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Locked() bool {
  1784  	return (b & (1 << 22)) == 1
  1785  }
  1786  
  1787  // LargePage returns the large page status of this page.
  1788  // If this bit is 1, the page is a large page.
  1789  func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) LargePage() bool {
  1790  	return (b & (1 << 23)) == 1
  1791  }
  1792  
  1793  // Bad returns the bad status of this page.
  1794  // If this bit is 1, the page is has been reported as bad.
  1795  func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Bad() bool {
  1796  	return (b & (1 << 31)) == 1
  1797  }
  1798  
  1799  // intField extracts an integer field in the PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK union.
  1800  func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) intField(start, length int) uint64 {
  1801  	var mask PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK
  1802  	for pos := start; pos < start+length; pos++ {
  1803  		mask |= (1 << pos)
  1804  	}
  1805  
  1806  	masked := b & mask
  1807  	return uint64(masked >> start)
  1808  }
  1809  
  1810  // PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_INFORMATION contains extended working set information for a process.
  1811  type PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_INFORMATION struct {
  1812  	// The virtual address.
  1813  	VirtualAddress Pointer
  1814  	// A PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK union that indicates the attributes of the page at VirtualAddress.
  1815  	VirtualAttributes PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK
  1816  }
  1817  

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